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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hybridization |
Phenomenon in which single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules anneal to complementary DNA or RNA. |
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PCR |
Polymerase Chain Reaction- makes billions of copies of DNA. |
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Denaturing |
Charge of DNA/ heated double-stranded DNA into single strands |
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DNA electrophoresis |
Process used to separate fragments of DNA by size |
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Buffer |
Used to provide ions that carry a current and maintain the pH |
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Gene |
Fundamental unit of heredity, made up of base pairs and is the section of DNA which codes for a particular protein |
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Base pairs |
Cytosine and Guanine, Thymine and Adenine |
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Gene marker |
DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome, used to identify individuals |
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Recombinant DNA |
Relies on restriction enxymes to cut DNA into fragments that can later be incorporated into another DNA strand |
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Multiplexing |
Simultaneously extracting and amplifying a combination of different STRs |
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Annealing |
Step in PCR where primers attach |
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DNA polymerase |
enzyme used to assemble DNA |
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Releases DNA from gel in southern blot |
DNA denaturation |
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Shape of DNA |
double helix |
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Mitochondrial DNA |
only inherited from the mother |
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DNA Scissors |
Restriction enzymes |
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RFLPs |
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism DNA sample is broken into pieces by restriction enzymes and fragments are sorted by size |
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Nucleotides |
Building blocks of DNA, composed of a sugar, phosphorous containing group, and a nitrogen-containing molecule called a base |
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Backbone of DNA |
Deoxyribose sugars and phosphate |
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Rungs of DNA |
Made up by nucleotides A, C, T, and G |
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Sequencing |
Used to determine the order of base pairs in mitochondrial (mt)DNA |
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STR |
Short tandem repeats, portions of the DNA molecule containing sequences of bases that are repaeated numerous times |
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Extending |
DNA polymerase and free nucleotides are added to rebuild each of the separate strands |
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Chromosome |
Structure which is composed of DNA wrapped around proteins |
