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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DMARDS
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Decrease immune response
Impede disease progression May/may not be anti-inflammatory/analegsic Slow acting (req. wks. to mon) High incidence of toxicity. |
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METHOTREXATE:
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- inhibits the production of cytokines such as TNF-a
- decrease production of PGS. - Is a folate antimetabolite that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase. |
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Methotrexate SE:
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- nausea
- stomatitis - GI discomfort - diarrhea |
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Methotrexate A.E.:
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- hepatotoxicity progressing to cirrhosis.
- pneumonitis leading to pulmonary fibrosis. - bone marrow depression. |
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Contraindication of Methotrexate:
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1. tetratogenic compound.
2. liver, lung, kidney, immunodeficiency, blood dycrasias, hypersensitivity. |
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Drug Interactions w/ Methotrexate:
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1. phenytoin
2. sulfonylurea 3. sulfonamides |
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Hydroxychloroquine (PLAQUENIL)
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irreversible retinal damage.
OPTHALAMIC MONITORING REQUIRED PERIODICALLY. |
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LEFLUCOMIDE (Arava)
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Action due to ACTIVE METABOLITE: formed in liver and plasma:
- inhibits dihyrdrorolate dehydrogenase (DHODH) (enzyme pyrimidine) |
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SE. Of LEFLUCOMIDE:
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DIARRHEA.
ALOPECIA ELEVATED LIVER ENZYMES |
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AZATHIOPRINE (IMURAN)
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Purine metabolite
AZA converted to 6-MP OT: 6-MP converted to additional metabolites inhibit DE NOVO PURINE SYNTHESIS. |
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MAJOR DRUG INTERACTION: ALLOPURINOL + AZATHIOPRINE
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xanthine oxidase metabolizes 6-MP.
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D-PENCILLAMINE (CUPRIMINE)
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- A METABOLITE OF PENCILLIN
- chelating agent |
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D-Pencillamine (CUPRIMINE)
Side Effect: |
1. Cutaneous Lesions
2. Hematological (leukopenia, thrombo, aplastic anemia) 3. Renal (proteinuria, hematuria) |
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Gold compounds:
IM PREPARATIONS: Gold Na thiomalate (MYOCHRYSINE) |
Excreted: renally, better absorbed.
SE: NITROID REACTION (flushing, weakness, nausea, dizziness) |
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Gold compounds:
Oral Preparations: Auranofin (Riduara) |
Better tolerated
Excreted: Feces SE: GI disturbances |
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Gold Preparation:
Progress of the disease and to induce remission ADVERSE EFFECT: |
SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANE.
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Gold Preparation Toxic Effects:
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KIDNEY: Proteinuria, Albuminuria, hematuria.
BLOOD: thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia. |
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Contraindications auranofin:
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Auranofin should NOT be administered after the occurrences of pulmonary fibrosis, necrotizing enterocolitis, & exfoliative dermatitis.
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Infliximab (REMICADE)
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monoclonal antibody that binds to and neutralizes the activity of TNF-a.
- s.e: upper respiratory tract infection, TB |
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Etanercept (ENBREL)
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- recombinant fusion protein containing two soluble TNF p75 receptr moieties linked to the Fx portion of human IgG.
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Adalimumab (HUMIRA)
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recombinant anti-TNF monoclonal antibody
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Common Adverse Effect of Anakinra (KINERET)
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A.REACTIONS AT INJ. REACTIONS (redness, bruising, pain, and inflammation)
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Anakinra (KINERET)
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IL-1 antagonist, acts by blocking the action of IL-1
- decreasing the pain and inflammation produced by IL-1. |
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Abatacept (ORENCIA)
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- solube fusion protein CTLA-4
- T CELL NOT ACTIVATED |
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ADVERSE EFFECT OF abatacept (orencia)
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Nasopharyngitis, URI
CAUTION: COPD |
