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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Matter
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Matter is everything around you. Matter is anything made of atoms and molecules. Matter is anything that has a mass.
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Electron
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An electron is a very small particle that spins around the center of an atom. An electron has a negative (-) charge and is found in one of seven shells.
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Proton
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A proton is a particle found in the nucleus of every atom. It holds a positive charge (+). The mass of a proton is almost equal to the mass of a neutron. Electrons are much smaller than protons.
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Neutron
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One of the particles found in the nucleus of an atom. Whereas an electron has a negative (-) charge and a proton has a positive (+) charge, a neutron has a neutral charge (0).
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Elements
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Elements are the building blocks of all matter.
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Ionic bonds
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A chemical bond between two atoms where one or more electrons are passed from one atom to another. When they give up electrons, each of the atoms should have a filled shell. A good example of an ionic bond is the sodium chloride bond. You may also hear the term electrovalent bond
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Covalent Bond
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A chemical bond where electrons are shared between two atoms. In this type of bond no ions are found. You can find covalent bonds in many compounds. You will find covalent bonds when carbon bonds to other elements.
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Molecule
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This is a group of atoms bonded together. A molecule is the smallest piece of a compound that can exist.
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Atom
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All elements are made of atoms. While the atoms may have different weights ... Atoms are used to create the elements.
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Metallic bonds
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Is the bonding between atoms within metals. It involves the sharing of free electrons among a lattice of metal atoms.
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Molecular formulas
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Is the formulas that describe molecular compounds compositions.
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Physical change
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A physical change in a substance doesn't change what the substance is. For example, if a piece of paper is cut up into small pieces it still is paper.
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Chemical change
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In a chemical change where there is a chemical reaction, a new substance is formed and energy is either given off or absorbed. chemical changes cannot be reversed with the substance changed back without extraordinary means, if at all.
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Mixtures
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A mixture is when two or more different substances are mixed together but not combined chemically.
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Structural formulas
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A chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule and how the atoms and bonds in the molecule are arranged.
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