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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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diuretics of proximal tubule (major reabsorbtion site)
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carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
- acetazolamide - methazolamide |
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use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
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glaucoma
acute mountain sickness |
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descending loop of henle diuretic
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osmotic diuretics
- mannitol |
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use of osmotic diuretics
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treatment of cerebral edema
treatment of acute renal failure |
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thick ascending loop of henle diuretic
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loop diuretics
- sulphonamide derivatives - furosemide, bumetanide, torsemide phenoxyacetic acid derivative - ethacrynic acid |
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use of loop diuretics
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edema due to cardiac failure, liver disease, or kidney disease
hypercalcemia |
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distal convoluted tubule diuretic
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thiazides (sulphonamide derivatives)
- hydrochlorothiazide - chlorthalidone - indapamide |
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uses of thiazides
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hypertension
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upper collecting duct diuretic
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K+ sparing diuretics
aldosterone anatagonist - spironolactone exchange inhibitor - triamterene - amiloride |
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uses of K+ sparing diuretic
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treat hypertension in combination with thiazide diuretics
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collecting duct diuretics
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ADH-sensitive water absorption
- ethanol inhibit ADH release from posterior pituitary - lithium anatagonize ADH by inhibiting cAMP formation and action |
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What is the purpose of thiazide + K+ sparing diuretic combination products?
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to reduce hypokalemia and alkalosis caused by thiazide
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What is the relative diuretic potency of all diuretics?
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OD = LD > CAI = thiazide > K+ sparing
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adverse effect of loop diuretics (3)
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ototoxicity
hyperuricemia decrease medullary [salt] |
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thiazide adverse effect (3)
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hyperuricemia
hyperlipidemia impaired glucose tolerance |
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adverse effect of spironolactone
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anti-androgen (gynecomastia and menstrual irregulaties)
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adverse effect of OD
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dehydration
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acetazolamide
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CAI
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methazolamide
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CAI
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mannitol
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OD
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furosemide
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LD
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bumetanide
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LD
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torsemide
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LD
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ethacrynic acid
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LD
phenoxyacetic acid derivative |
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hydrochlorothiazide
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thiazide
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chlorthalidone
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thiazide
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indapamide
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thiazide
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spironolactone
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K+ sparing
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triamterene
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K+ sparing
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amiloride
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K+ sparing
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ethanol
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collecting duct
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lithium
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collecting duct
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