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12 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
What complication may arise from performimg an LP in a pt with elevated intracranial pressure?
Uncal Herniation of brainstem
A child presents to the ER with mental status changes, hypoglycemia and lesions suggestive of chickenpox. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Reye's syndrome.

Mental status changes, hypoglycemia, and hx of chicken pox. The parents likely gave the kid aspirin
What is the most effective way to prevent bacterial meningitis in newborns?
Penicillin or Ampicillin during delivery to GBS (agalactae)
How do the symptoms of encephalitis differ from that of meningitis?
Encephalitis has mental status changes and focal neurologic deficits
What is the initial radiologic study in a pt with TIA/stroke symptoms? What radiologic studies need to be performed later to evaluate the underlying cause of the TIA/stroke?
First do a CT head w/o contrast to r/o bleed.

Then treat with thrombolytic. Later, get an echo to look for vegitations on the valves, a carotid duplex to check to calcifications, MRA/CTA of brain vasculature
What are the symptoms basilar artery stroke?
Coma, paralysis, CN deficits, bad things

Pontine ischemia --> CN deficits; contralateral full body weakness;
Comparing ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, what are the different BP goals and BP medications?
Ischemic stroke: <220/120, Labetalol and nicardapine. Do Not Give Nitro's!

Intracerebral hemorrhage: <140-160; Labetalol, can use nitroprusside

Subarachnoid hemorrhage: < 150; labetalol, nimodipine. Do Not Give Nitro's!
What are the signs/symptoms of a TCA overdose? How is it managed?
Anticholinergic sxs, cardiotoxicity, CNS toxicity

Managed: Sodium Bicarb
What is the treatment for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus caused by lithium toxicity?
HCTZ+ AMELIORIDE

HCTZ for Diabetes Insipidus and In the case of Lithium induced DI, Amelioride: closes Na channels in the collecting tubles that are affected by Li+
How do features of acute dystonia differ from that of tardive dyskinesia?
Acute dystonia is neck spasm, torticolis.

TD is repettitive tics, facial movements
How does the Tx of Acute Distonia differ from Tardive Diskinesia?
Acute distonia: Diphenhydromine/ benztropine (anticholinergic)

TD: discontinue or change neuoleptic
What EEG pattern is seen in cases of absence seizures?
3 cycle/sec Spike and Wave