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27 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Which hypothalamic nucleus is involved in ovulation?
Arcuate Nucleus (secretes GnRH)
What are the layers of the endometrium? Which layers are shed during menstruation?
Stratum basalis, compactum, and spongiosum.

S. compactum and spongiosum are shed.
When does the basal body temperature increase occur in relation to ovulation?
24h prior to ovulation (as P increases)
UTERUS: excess unopposed estrogen is the main risk factor?
Endometrial hyperplasia and CA
UTERUS: menorrhagia with an enlarged uterus and no pelvic pain?
Leiomyoma
UTERUS: pelvic pain that is present only during menstruation
Endometriosis
UTERUS: diagnosed by endometrial biopsy in clinic
Endometrial hyperplasia and CA
UTERUS: definitive diagnosis and treatment is by laproscopy
Endometriosis
UTERUS: menstruating tissue within the myometrium
Adenomyosis
UTERUS: malignant tumor of the uterine smooth muscle
Leiomyosarcoma
UTERUS: most common gynecologic malignancy
Endometrial CA > ovarian CA > cervical CA
OVARY: produces AFP
Yolk sac tumor
OVARY: estrogen secreting --> precocious puberty
Granulosa-thecal cell tumor
OVARY: intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
OVARY: testosterone secreting --> virilization
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor
OVARY: psammoma bodies
Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary
OVARY: multiple different tissue types
Teratoma
OVARY: lined with fallopian tube-like epithelium
Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary
OVARY: ovarian tumor + ascites + pleural effusions
Meigs' syndrome (of Ovarian fibroma)
OVARY: Call-Exner bodies
Granulosa-thecal cell tumor
OVARY: resembles bladder epithelium
Brenner tumor
OVARY: elevated hCG
Choriocarcinoma, dysgerminoma
An obese woman presents with amenorrhea and increased levels of serum testosterone -> what is the most likely diagnosis?
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
A pt with PCOS is most at risk for developing which type of cancer?
Endometrial CA
Why is progesterone used in combination with estrogen during estrogen replacement?
Reduces the incidence of endometrial hyperplasia/CA
Under what circumstances would you expect to see an elevated LH?
-Menopause
-PCOS
-normal female prior to ovulation
-androgen insensitivity syndrome
What are the risk factors for ovarian cancer?
Risk = ovulation
Protective = breast-feeding, OCP, pregnancy