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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acquired Immunity |
immunity that is developed during a person’slifetime |
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Acute Infection |
An infection of short duration that is oftensevere |
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Anaphylaxis |
Extreme hypersensitivity to a substance that canlead to shock and life-threatening respiratory collapse |
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Artificially acquired immunity |
Immunity that results from a vaccination |
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Blood-borne disease |
Disease such as HBV, HCV, or HIV infection thatus caused by microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that are carried in blood. |
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Blood-borne pathogens |
Disease-causing organisms transferredthrough contact with blood or other bodily fluids. |
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Chain of infection |
Conditions that all must be present for infection to occur. (6 links)- 1-infections agents 2-reservoir 3-portal of exit 4-modeof transmission 5-portal of entry 6-susceptible host |
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Chronic infection |
An infection of long duration |
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Contaminated waste |
Items such as gloves, patient napkins, usedbarriers that may contain potentially infectious body fluids of patients. |
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Direct contact |
Touching or contact with a patient’s blood orsaliva, most common route of contamination |
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Droplet infection |
An infection that occurs through mucosalsurfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth |
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Epidemiologic studies |
Studies of the patterns and causes of diseases |
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Hazardous waste |
Waste that poses a danger to humansor to the environment |
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Immunity |
Ability of the body to resist disease |
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Indirect contact |
Touching or contact with a contaminated surfaceor instrument |
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Infection control |
Policies and practices designed to prevent thespread of infectious agents |
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Infection prevention |
Ultimate goal of all infectious controlprocedures and policies |
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Infection disease |
Disease that is communicable |
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Infectious waste |
·AKA-regulated waste, Waste that capable of transmitting aninfectious disease |
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Inherited immunity |
Immunity that is present at birth |
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Latent infection |
persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that“come and go” |
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Naturally acquired immunity
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Immunity that occurs when a personhas contracted and is recovering from a disease |
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Occupational exposure |
Any reasonably anticipated skin, eye, or mucousmembrane contact or percutaneous injury involving blood or any otherpotentially infectious materials |
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OSHA blood-borne pathogens(BBP) standard |
Guidelines designed to protect employees againstoccupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens. |
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Pathogen |
Disease causing organism |
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Percutaneous |
Through the skin such as with aneedle stick, cut, or human bite |
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Permucosal |
Contact with mucus membranes, such as the mouthor eyes |
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Personal protectiveequipment (PPE) |
Items such as protective clothing,masks, gloves, and eyewear used to protect employees. |
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Sharps |
Pointed or cutting instruments, including needles,scalpel blades, orthodontic wires, and endodontic instruments |
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Standard precautions |
Standard of care designed to protect healthcareproviders from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other body fluidvia excretion or secretion; expands upon the concept of Universal Precautions |
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Universal precautions |
Guidelines based ontreating all human blood and body fluids (including saliva) as potentiallyinfectious |
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Virulence |
Strength of a pathogen’s ability to causedisease; AKA pathogenicity |
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Airborne |
Term used for acquiring an infection throughmucosal tissues |
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Irritant dermatitis |
does not involve the immune system |
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Type IV Allergic Reaction |
most common type of latex allergy, involves theimmune system, may take 48-72 hrs until reaction, red, itchy rash limited tothe contact site |
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Type I allergic Reaction |
Most serious type of latex allergyand can result in death from anaphylaxis, usually occurs 2-3 min after exposurein response to the latex proteins in the glove. |
