Disabilities

Front 1

Visual and Perceptual Difficulties:
visual and hearing disorders

Back 1

Those whose senses REMAIN impaired AFTER treatment and correction (glasses, hearing aids etc)

Front 2

Visual and Perceptual Difficulties:
Visually impaired:

Back 2

Blind or low vision - must learn through other senses

Front 3

Visual and Perceptual Difficulties:
Hearing disorders

Back 3

Deaf or hard of hearing - difficulty in speech and language development is one of the major problems assiciated with hearing gloss. May need interpreters in class.

Front 4

Special Physical or sensory challenges

Back 4

Related to physical skills such as hand use, trunk control, mobility. . . . individuals with medical conditions that affect strength and stamina.

Front 5

Disabilities

Back 5

physical states or conditions that result in impairments of functioning (i.e. loss of a leg)

Front 6

Handicaps

Back 6

disabilities become handicaps when they interfere with the individual's ability to function in specific situations

Front 7

Learning Disabilities

Back 7

A disorder in the ability to process information that can result in attention, perception, or memory deficits; despite adequate hearing, vision and intelligence, learning disabled students experience difficulty in school learning.
Academic needs: struggle with listening, reading, spelling, writing etc.

Front 8

ADHD
ADD

Back 8

ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: a term used in psychiatric classification systems to describe individuals who show porr attention due to distractability, hyperactivity and impulsivity.
ADD: Attention Deficit Disorder

Front 9

Functional Mental Retardation

Back 9

Significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period. Characterized by both below-average intellectual ability and deficits in adaptive behavior.
More than just low IQ scores

Front 10

ADA

Back 10

Americans with Disabilities Act
Provide that no person shall, by any reason of his or her disability be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination in any services, programs, or activities of an entity covered by the law.

Front 11

IDEA

Back 11

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Ensure all children and youth with disabilities in the US access to a free, appropriate public education (FAPE).
reauthorization expired in 2002 . . .

Front 12

Inclusion
Mainstreaming

Back 12

the inclusion of special students in the general educational process for any part of the school day.

Front 13

Inclusion
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)

Back 13

The most appropriate educational placement that is closest to the mainstream

Front 14

IEP

Back 14

Individual Education Plan
A written education plan that specifices a special student's current levels of educational performance, annual goals, and short-term instructional objectives; prepared by a team that includes the student's parents, teachers and possible the student too.

Front 15

Differentiated Instruction
Beliefs/principles

Back 15

Beliefs:
1. students differ in their learning profiles
2. classrooms where students are active learners, problem solvers and decision makers are more effective than a "one size fits all" curriculum
3. "covering information" takes a back seat to making meaning out of important ideas