Dinosaurs Final

Front 1

Theropod

Back 1

Bipedal predators that include dinos like spinosaurus, trex, and smaller ones too

Front 2

Cycad

Back 2

plants that were common in the Jurrasic period

Front 3

Conifers

Back 3

plants that are commonly trees, including pines, cedars, cypresses, yews, redwoods, etc.

Front 4

Hadrosaurs

Back 4

duck-billed dinosaurs

Front 5

Dromaeosaur

Back 5

smaller theropods, usually called raptors

Front 6

Dinosaur renaissance

Back 6

John Ostrom is famous for the links between birds and dinos. Robert Bakker argued that dinos were warm-blooded.

Front 7

Angiosperms

Back 7

Flowering plants, the most common and dominant plant type

Front 8

Ichthyosaur

Back 8

giant marine reptiles that resembled fish and dolphins. Appeared slightly before dinosaurs and were air-breathing

Front 9

Plesiosaur

Back 9

Carnivorous marine reptiles that were not dinosaurs

Front 10

Pterosaur

Back 10

Flying reptiles. First vetebrates to obtain flight

Front 11

Mosasaur

Back 11

Serpentine marine reptiles

Front 12

Endothermic

Back 12

internal heat, like mammals

Front 13

Ectothermic

Back 13

rely on the enviroment and behavior to regulate body temp, like reptiles

Front 14

Homeothermic

Back 14

Maintain constant body temperature, like mammals

Front 15

Poikilathermic

Back 15

Having fluctuating internal body temp depending on local enviromental factors

Front 16

predator/prey ratio

Back 16

predator weight x number/prey weight x number

Front 17

Bone histology - slow growing

Back 17

collagen fibers laid down parallel in each layer, producing bone that has dense packing of mineral crystals all oriented in same direction. "lamellar" bone

Front 18

Bone histology - fast growing

Back 18

collagen laid down in haphazard way producing fibrolamellar in mammals/birds

Front 19

Haversian canals

Back 19

canals in bones where blood vessels and nerves are located. Bone from warm blooded have more canals than cold blooded

Front 20

Lines of Arrested Growth (LAGs)

Back 20

formed whereever there is a temporary halt to bone deposition. Normally found in mammals, due to envirmental factors

Front 21

Gigantothermy

Back 21

heat production is mass. heat loss is surface area. the larger an animal gets, the heat loss decreases.

Front 22

Physiology

Back 22

the study of mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of plants and animals

Front 23

Nasal turbinates

Back 23

long, narrowed bone shelf that which protrudes into the breathing of the nose. Most warm blooded animals have them and cold blooded do not

Front 24

Endocast

Back 24

natural or man-made cast of the brain cavity

Front 25

Deinonychus

Back 25

raptor discovered by Ostrom that sparked the debate as to whether dinos were wb or cb

Front 26

Arboreal hypothesis

Back 26

Trees down scenario

Front 27

Cursurial hypothesis

Back 27

Ground up scenario

Front 28

Thomas Henry Huxley

Back 28

Bird guy

Front 29

Compsognathus

Back 29

small, bipedal carnivorous dinosaur that lived in the late Triassic

Front 30

Sinosauropteryx

Back 30

the most primitive dinosaur found with feathers

Front 31

Caudipteryx

Back 31

Bird like dinosaur

Front 32

Protarchaeopteryx

Back 32

turkey sized feathered dinosaur from China

Front 33

Gubbio, Italy

Back 33

where iridium and the K-T boundary was first found

Front 34

Chicxulub

Back 34

the crater caused by the asteriod that struck the Yucatan peninsula

Front 35

Yucatan

Back 35

the peninsula in Mexico where an asteroid struck 65 million years ago

Front 36

Tektites

Back 36

natural glass objects that were formed when asteriods hit the earth

Front 37

Deccan Traps

Back 37

large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India and is one of the largest volcanic features on Earth

Front 38

Intrinsic factors

Back 38

factors contributing to the K-T extinction from the earth, including volcanoes and marine regression

Front 39

Extrinsic factors

Back 39

outside factors contributing to the death of the dinosaurs including asteriods, gamma rays, and comets

Front 40

Nuclear winter

Back 40

thought to occur after nuclear war or asteriods, the air becomes cold b/c of soot and dust in the air

Front 41

What was the biggest sauropod?

Back 41

Brontosaurus, AKA Apatosaurus

Front 42

Biggest brain?

Back 42

Tyrannosaurus

Front 43

Best brain/body size ratio?

Back 43

Troodon

Front 44

What was the smallest sauropod?

Back 44

Magyarosaurus dacus

Front 45

Smallest Theropod?

Back 45

Microraptor

Front 46

When did flowering plants first appear?

Back 46

Angiosperms, in the early Cretaceous

Front 47

What kinds of plants did animlas of Triassic and Jurassic have available to munch on?

Back 47

Gymnosperms and conifers

Front 48

Why do scientists think icthyosaurs gave birth to live young?

Back 48

Some were found at sea with embryos in their stomachs and one specimen even being born and got caught in the canal and died

Front 49

What are the differences in the anatomy of the two main groups of pterosaurs?

Back 49

One has an elongated tail and small head. The other is the opposite