Audio

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Hertz

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It is a frequency unit from the international measuring system that equals the repetition of a phenomenon whose period is a second. It is abbreviated as Hz.

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Frequency

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It is the number of cycles that happen in a second

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Echolocation

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It is the location of an object through the reflection of a sound waves. It is used by some animal species such as bats and cetaceans, and it may have technological applications such as the sonar system

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Infrasound

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It a sound whose vibration frequency is a lower than the one which can be perceived by the human ear

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Ultrasound

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It is the sound whose frequency of vibrations is superior to the highest limit perceived by the human ear. It has many industrial applications and it is also used in medicine

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Sound

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It is produced by continuous and regular vibrations, as opposed to noise. It can be analyzed from two points of view: Objectively as a physical phenomenon or subjectively as an auditory sensation.

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Elasticity

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It is the characteristic that a material has to recover its extension and shape when a force that deformed it stops being put on it.

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Acoustics

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The branch of physical concerned with the properties of sound. There are many kinds of sound and many ways that it affects our lives. We use sound to communicate and you might also know that acoustics is important for creating musical instruments or surround sound stereo or hearing aids.

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Transducer

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Device that changes one form of energy into another. For example, a speaker changes electrical energy from an amplifier into mechanical energy or sound waves. The electrical energy in the amp causes the speaker cone to move in and out creating air waves that our ears perceive as sound.

http://stereos.about.com/od/glossaryoftermst/g/transducer.htm

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Turning Fork

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It is a structure of 3 legs, usually articulated and foldable that helps to hold instruments or devices.

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Compression

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It is the effort that an object is subject to by the action of two opposing forces that tend to diminish its volume.

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Rarefaction

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It refers to making a gaseous body less defense

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Cycle

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It is the complete sequence of a periodic vibration. It goes from rarefaction to compression.

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Period

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It is the period of time that happens in a cycle

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Sound wave frequency

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The number of cycles per unit of time is called the frequency. For convenience, frequency is most often measured in cycles per second (cps) or the interchangeable Hertz (Hz)

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Wavelenghthm

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It refers to the distance that the sound goes through in a complete cycle of change in pressure. It is the physic measure of cycle length.

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Amplitude

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It refers to the distance between the equilibrium position and the maximum wave point. The volume is the subjective perception of amplitude since it depends on each person´s auditory capabilities.

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Tone

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It is the subjective perception of frequency. There are high tones and low tones. In order to measure them, we use hertz.

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Decibel (dB)

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It is a measuring unit that compares the minimum that human can hear (odB) against the level we want to measure

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Absorption

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Is the process in which sound is absorbed by an object when crashing against it

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Reflection

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Is the quantity of acoustic energy that will change direction when it crashes against the edge of an object

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Refraction

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It is the change in direction of the sound wave due to a variation of the means of scattering

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Bibrate

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It the transmission rate. It refers to the number of bits that is transmitted in a united of time usually kilobits per second

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Codecs

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It means coder-decoder. It is software that consists on an algorithm to compress and decompress video in real time.

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Wrappers

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It is the way of organizing information related to digital audio that is not part of the sound per se such as headlines, artwork, encoding configurations

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WAV

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Is a Microsoft/IBM audio file container format. It is the main format used on Windows systems for storing uncompressed, lossless audio.

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AIFF

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Is an audio file format standard used for storing sound data for personal computers and other electronic audio devices. Is most commonly used on Apple Macintosh computer systems

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CDA

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Is a small (44 byte) virtual file generated by Microsoft Windows for each audio track on a standard "Red Book" CD-DA format audio CD as defined by the Table of Contents (ToC). These files are shown in the directory for the CD being viewed in the format Track##.cda, where ## is the number of each individual track.

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MP3

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A means of compressing a sound sequence into a very small file, to enable digital storage and transmission.

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AAC

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Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) is an audio coding standard for lossy digital audio compression. Designed to be the successor of the MP3 format, AAC generally achieves better sound quality than MP3 at similar bit rates.

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MIDI

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Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a protocol, digital interface and connectors and allows a wide variety of electronic musical instruments, computers and other related devices to connect and communicate with one another.

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Audacity

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Audacity is a free, easy-to-use, multi-track audio editor and recorder for Windows, Mac OS X, GNU/Linux and other operating systems. The interface is translated into many languages. You can use Audacity to: Record live audio.

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Garage Band

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GarageBand for Mac has everything you need to learn, play, record, mix, and share great-sounding music, even if you've never played a note.

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Monaural sound

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Monaural sound is a single channel or track of sound created by one speaker and is also known as Monophonic sound or High-Fidelity sound. Monaural sound was replaced by Stereo or Stereophonic sound in the 1950s.

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Stereophonic sound

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Stereo or Stereophonic sound is two separate audio channels or tracks of sound reproduced by two speakers. Stereo sound provides a sense of directionality because different sounds can be heard from two directions. Stereo sound is the most common form of sound reproduction.

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Surround Sound

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Surround Sound, also know as Multichannel sound, is created by at least four and up to seven independent audio channels and speakers placed in front of and behind the listener. The purpose is to 'surround' the listener in sound.

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Streaming

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It is the reproduction of audio and video files with no need to be downloaded to a device. It is played through fragments sent sequentially through a net, usually, the Internet.