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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Digestion |
Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food and the absorption of the resulting nutrients by cells |
2 ways of breakdown and absorption |
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Digestive system |
A tube that goes from the mouth to the anus; several structures |
tube |
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Alimentary canal |
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus |
8 structures |
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Accessory organs |
Salivary glands Liver Gall bladder Pancreas |
4 structures |
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Mouth |
Received food and begins digestion Mechanical digestion |
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Tongue |
•Mostly skeletal muscle •Covered by mucous membrane •Projections of the tongue provide friction(papillae) |
•Frenulum connects midline to floor of the mouth •Posterior of the tongue is anchored by hyoid bone |
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Palate |
•Forms roof of oral cavity |
Soft and hard |
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Saliva |
Contains enzymes that breakdown carbohydrates |
Breakdowns carbohydrates |
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Peristalsis |
Ring of contractions that make a wavelike motion to move food |
Wavelike motions |
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Stomach |
Mixes food with gastric juices, limited absorption |
Received food from esophagus
Initiates protein digestion |
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Chyme |
Helps move food through stomach into intestines |
Rhymes with rhyme |
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Fatty foods |
Takes 3-6 hours to pass through stomach |
Type of food |
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Lipids |
The liver metabolizes these macromolecules at an especially high rate |
Starts with an L |
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Pepsin |
Enzyme is needed to digest proteins |
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Pancreatic juice |
This digestive juice contains enzymes that digest carbohydrates, fats, nuclei acids, and proteins |
Juice |
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Carbohydrates |
This macromolecule passes through the stomach faster than fats and proteins |
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Malnutrition |
Diet lacks essential nutrients |
part of the word is in the definition |
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Minerals |
Elements necessary in human metabolism, obtained from plants foods or animals that eat plants |
in rocks |
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Carbohydrates #2 |
Organic compounds, supply energy for cellular processes |
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Calorie |
Amount of heat required to raise temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius |
in every food |
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Proteins |
Polymers of amino acids |
starts with a P |
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Anorexia Nervosa |
Self starvation |
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Dyspepsia |
Indigestion, difficulty digesting |
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Vitamins |
Organic compounds other than carbs, lipids, and proteins |
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A BMI <18.5 |
Underweight |
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