Digestive System

Front 1

GINGIVA

Back 1

DENSE FIBROUS TISSUE,COVERED BY MUCOUS MEMBRANE, THAT COVERS THE ALVEOLAR PROCESSES OF THE UPPER AND LOWER JAWS AND SURROUNDS THE NECK OF THE TEETH

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DUODENAL GLAND

Back 2

SMALL GLAND THAT OPENS INTO THE BASE OF INTESTINAL GLAND; SECRETES A MUCOID ALKALINE SUBSTANCE

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TERMINAL SULCUS

Back 3

V- SHAPED GROOVE ON THE SURFACE OF THE TONGUE AT THE POSTERIOR MARGIN

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HEPATOCYTE

Back 4

LIVER CELL

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DECIDUOUS TOOTH

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TOOTH OF THE FIRST SET OF TEETH, PRIMARY TOOTH

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DESCENDING COLON

Back 6

PART OF THE COLON EXTENDING FROM THE LEFT COLONIC FLEXURE TO THE SIGMOID COLON

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HEPATIC CORD

Back 7

PLATE OF LIVER CELLS THAT RADIATES AWAY FROM THE CENTREL VEIN OF A LIVER LOBULE

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MESENTRY

Back 8

DOUBLE LAYER OF PERITONEUM EXTENDING FROM THE ABDOMINAL VISCERA, CONVEYING TO IT IS VESSELS AND NERVES

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ABSORPTIVE CELL

Back 9

CELL ON THE SURFACE OF THE VILLI OF THE SMALL INTESTINES AND THE LUMINAL SURFACE OF THE LARGE INTESTINE THAT IS CHARACTERIZED BY HAVING MICROVILLI; SECRETES DIGESTIVE ENZYMES AND ABSORBS DIGESTED MATERIALS ON ITS FREE SURFACE

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COMMON BILE DUCT

Back 10

DUCT FORMED BY THE UNION OF THE COMMON HEPATIC AND CYSTIC DUCTS; IT EMPTIES INTO THE SMALL INTESTINES

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GALL BLADDER

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PEAR- SHAPED RECEPTACLE ON THE INFERIOR SURFACE OF THE LIVER; SERVES AS A STORAGE RESERVIOR FOR BILE

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GASTRIC PIT

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SMALL PIT IN THE MUCUS MEMBRANE OF THE STOMACH AT THE BOTTOM OF WHICH ARE THE MOUTHS OF THE GASTRIC GLANDS THAT SECRETE MUCUS, HYDROCHORLIC ACID, INTRINSIC FACTOR, PEPSINOGEN, AND HORMONES

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INTESTINAL GLANDS

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TUBLAR GLAND IN THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE

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LIVER

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LARGEST GLAND OF THE BODY, LYING IN THE UPPER RIGHT QUADRANT OF THE ABDOMEN, JUST INFERIOR TO THE DIAPHARGM; SECRETES BILE AND IS OF GREAT IMPORTANCE IN CARBOHYDRATE AND PROTEIN METABOLISM AND IN DETOCIFYING CHEMICALS

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CEMENTUM

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LAYER OF MODIFIED BONE COVERING THE DENTIN OF THE ROOT AND NECK OF A TOOTH; BLENDS WITH THE FIBERS OF PERIODONTAL MEMBRANE

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ILEOCECAL VALVE

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VALVE FORMED BY THE ILEOCECAL SPHINCTER BETWEEN THE ILEUM AND THE CECUM

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CECUM

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CUL-DE-SAC FORMING THE FIRST PART OF THE LARGE INTESTINE

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INTRAMURAL PLEXUS

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COMBINATION OF SUBMOCOSAL AND MYENTERIC PLEXUSES

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GASTRIC INHIBITORY POLYPEPTIDE

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HORMONE SECRETED BY THE DUODENUM THAT INHIBITS GASTRIC ACID SECRETIONS

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GASTRIC GLAND

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GLAND LOCATED IN THE MUCOSA OF THE FUNDUS AND BODY OF THE STOMACH

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INSULIN

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PROTEIN HORMONE SECRETED BY THE PANCREAS THAT INCREASES THE UPTAKE OF GLUCOSE AND AMINO ACIDS BY MOST TISSUES

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LESSER DUODENAL PAPILLA

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SITE OF THE OPENING OF THE ASSERORY PANCREATIC DUCT INTO THE DUODENUM

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MICELLE

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DROPLETS OF LIPID SURROUNDED BY BILE SALTS IN THE SMALL INTESTINES

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PEPSINOGEN

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PROENZYME FORMED AND SECRETED BY THE CHIEF CELLS OF THE GASTRIC MUCOSA; THE ACIDITY OF THE GASTRIC JUICE AND PEPSIN ITSELF CONVERTS PEPSINOGEN INTO PEPSIN

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PERISTALIC WAVE

Back 25

CONTRACTION IN A TUBE SUCH AS THE INTESTINE CHARACTERIZED BY A WAVE OF CONTRACTION IN SMOOTH MUSCLE PRECEDED BY A WAVE OF RELAXATION THAT MOVES ALONG THE TUBE

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COMMON HEPATIC DUCT

Back 26

PART OF THE BILLIARY DUCT SYSTEM THAT IS FORMED BY THE JOINING OF THE RIGHT AND LEFT HEPATIC DUCTS

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GREATER OMENTUM

Back 27

PERITONEAL FOLD PASSING FROM THE GREATER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH TO THE TRANSVERSE COLON, HANGING LIKE AN APRON IN FRONT OF THE INTESTINES

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CHIEF CELL

Back 28

CELL OF THE PARATHYROID GLAND THAT SECRETES PARATHYRIOD HORMONE. CELL OF A GASTRIC GLAND THAT SECRETES PEPSINOGEN

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JEJUNUM

Back 29

SECOND PORTION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE; LOCATED BETWEEN THE DUODENUM AND THE ILEUM

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PARIETAL CELL

Back 30

GASTRIC GLAND CELL THAT SECRETES HYDROCHLORIC ACID

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PEYER'S PATCH

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LYMPH NODULE FOUND IN THE LOWER HALF OF THE SMALL INTESTINE AND THE APPENDIX

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BRUSH BORDER

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EPITHELIAL SURFACE CONSISTING OF MICROVILLI

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PORTA

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FISSURE ON THE INFERIOR SURFACE OF THE LIVER WHERE THE PORTAL VEIN, HEPATIC ARTERTY,HEPATIC NERVE PLEXUS, HEPATIC DUCTS, AND LYMPHATIC VESSELS ENTER AND EXIT THE LIVER

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ALVEOLAR GLAND

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ONE IN WHICH THE SECRETORY UNIT HAS A SACLIKEFORM AND AN OBVIOUS LUMEN

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CYSTIC DUCT

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DUCT LEADING FROM THE GALL BLADDER, JOINS THE COMMON HEPATIC DUCT TO FORM THE COMMON BILE DUCT

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DUODENUM

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FIRST DIVISION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE; CONNECTS TO THE STOMACH

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ENTEROKINASE

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INTESTINAL PROTEOLYTIC ENZYME THAT CONVERTS TRYPSINOGEN INTO TRYPSIN

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LESSER OMENTUM

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PERITONEAL FOLD PASSING FROM THE LIVER TO THE LESSER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH AND TO THE UPPER BORDER OF THE DUODENUM FOR A DISTANCE OF APPROXIMATELY 2CM BEYOND THE PYLORUS

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MUCOSA

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MUCOUS MEMBRANE CONSISTING OF EPITHELIUM AND LAMINA PROPIA. IN THE DIGESTIVE TRACT THERE IS ALSO A LAYER OF SMOOTH MUSCLE

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PORTAL TRIAD

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BRANCHES OF THE PORTAL VEIN, HEPATIC ARTERY, AND HEPATIC DUCT BOUND TOGETHER IN THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE THAT DIVIDES THE LIVER INTO LOBULES

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INTERCALATED DUCT

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MINUTE DUCT OF GLANDS SUCH AS SALIVARY GLAND AND THE PANCREAS; LEADS TO THE INTERLOBULAR DUCTS

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RECTUM

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PORTION OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT THAT EXTENDS FROM THE SIGMOID COLON TO THE ANAL CANAL

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PANCREATIC JUICE

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EXTERNAL SECRETION OF THE PANCREAS; CLEAR, AKALINE FLUID CONTAINING SEVERAL ENZYMES

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SALIVARY AMYLASE

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ENZYME SECRETED IN SALIVA THAT BREAKS DOWN STARCH TO MALTOSE AND ISOMALTOSE

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SEROSA

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OUTERMOST COVERING OF AN ORGAN OR STRUCTURE THAT LIES IN A BODY CAVITY; SEE ALSO ADVENTITIA

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ILEUM

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THIRD PORTION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE, EXTENDING FROM THE JEJUNUM TO THE ILEOCECAL OPENING INTO THE LARGE INTESTINE; THE POSTERIOR INFERIOR BONE OF THE COXA

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SIGMOID COLON

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PART OF THE COLON BETWEEN THE DESCENDING COLON AND THE RECTUM

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PARIETAL PERITONEUM

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LAYER OF THE PERITONEUM LINING THE ABDOMINAL WALL

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DEOXYRIBONUCLEASE

Back 49

ENZYME THAT SPLITS DNA INTO ITS COMPONENT NUCLEOTIDES

Front 50

DENTIN

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BONY MATERIAL FORMING THE MASS OF THE TOOTH

Front 51

BILE

Back 51

FLUID SECRETED FROM THE LIVER INTO THE DUODENUM; CONSISTS OF BILE SALT, BILE PIGMENTS,BICARBONATE IONS, CHOLESTROL,FATS, FAT-SOLUBLE HORMONES, AND LECITHIN

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ASCENDING COLON

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PORTION OF THE COLON BETWEEN THE SMALL INTESTINE AND THE RIGHT COLIC FLEXURE

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HEPATOPANCREATIC AMPULLAR SPHINCTER

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SMOOTH MUSCLE SPHINCTER OF THE HEPATOPANCREATIC AMPULLA; SPHINCTER OF ODDI

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EPIPLOIC APPENDAGE

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ONE OF A NUMBER OF LITTLE PROCESSES OF THE PERITONEUM PROJECTING FROM THE SEROUS COAT OF THE LARGE INTESTINE EXCEPT THE RECTUM; THEY ARE GENERALLY DISTENDED WITH FAT

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SIGMOID MESOCOLON

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FOLD OF PERITONEUM ATTACHING THE SIGMOID COLON TO THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL

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FRENULUM

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FOLD EXTENDING FROM THE FLOOR OF THE MOUTH TO THE MIDLINE OF THE UNDERSURFACE OF THE TONGUE

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DENTAL ARCH

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CURVED MAXILLARY OR MANDIBULAR ARCH IN WHICH THE TEETH ARE LOCATED

Front 58

CHYLOMICRON

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MICROSCOPIC PARTICLE OF LIPID SURROUNDED BY PROTEIN, OCCURING IN THE CHYLE AND IN THE BLOOD

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HAUSTRA

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SACS OF THE COLON, CAUSED BY CONTRACTION OF THE TAENIAE COLI, WHICH ARE SLIGHTLY SHORTER THAN THE GUT, SO THAT THE LATTER IS THROWN INTO POUCHES

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FALCIFORM LIGAMENT

Back 60

FOLD OF PERITONEUM EXTENDING TO THE SURFACE OF THE LIVER FROM THE DIAPHARGM AND ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL

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DIGESTIVE TRACT

Back 61

MOUTH,OROPHARYNX,ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH,SMALL INTESTINE,LARGE INTESTINE.

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GASTROCOLIC REFLEX

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LOCAL REFLEX RESULTING IN MASS MOVEMENT OF THE CONTENTS OF THE COLON THAT OCCURS AFTER THE ENTRANCE OF FOOD INTO THE STOMACH

Front 63

PEPTIDASE

Back 63

AN ENZYME CAPABLE OF HYDROLYZING ONE OF THE PEPTIDE LINKS OF A PEPTIDE

Front 64

SUBMUCOSAL PLEXUS

Back 64

GANGLIATED PLEXUS OF UNMYELINATED NERVE FIBERS IN THE INTESTINAL SUBMUCOSA

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TRANSVERSE COLON

Back 65

PART OF THE COLON BETWEEN THE RIGHT AND LEFT COLIC FLEXURES

Front 66

VESTIBULE

Back 66

ANTERIOR PART OF THE NASAL CAVITY JUST INSIDE THE EXTERNAL NARES THAT IS ENCLOSED BY CARTILAGE; SPACE BETWEEN THE LIPS AND THE AVEOLAR PROCESSES AND TEETH; MIDDLE REGION OF THE INNER EAR CONTAINING THE URICLE AND SACCULE; SPACE BEHIND THE LABIA MINORA CONTAING THE OPENING OF THE VAGINA, URETHRA, AND VESTIBULAR GLANDS.

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MUCOUS NECK CELL

Back 67

ONE OF THE MUCOUS SECRETING CELLS IN THE NECK OF A GASTRIC GLAND

Front 68

FUNDUS

Back 68

" BOTTOM," OR ROUNDED END, OF A HOLLOW ORGAN, FOR EXAMPLE THE FUNDUS OF THE STOMACH OR UTERUS

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CARDIAC REGION

Back 69

REGION OF THE STOMACH NEAR THE OPENING OF THE ESOPHAGUS

Front 70

CHOLECYSTOKININ

Back 70

HORMONE LIBERATED BY THE UPPER INTESTINAL MUCOSA ON CONTACT WITH GASTRIC CONTENTS; STIMULATES THE CONTRACTIONS OF THE GALLBLADDER AND THE SECRETION OF PANCREATIC JUICE HIGH IN DIGESTIVE ENZYMES

Front 71

BILE SALT

Back 71

ORGANIC MATERIAL SECRETED BY THE LIVER THAT FUNCTIONS AS AN EMULSIFING AGENT

Front 72

HYDROCHLORIC ACID

Back 72

ACID OF GASTRIC JUICE

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CORONARY LIGAMENT

Back 73

PERITONEAL REFLECTION FROM THE LIVER TO THE DIAPHARGM AT THE MARGIS OF THE BARE AREA OF THE LIVER

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INTRINSIC FACTOR

Back 74

FACTORS SECRETED BY THE PARIETAL CELLS OF GASTRIC GLANDS AND REQUIRED FOR ADEQUETE ABSORPTION OF VITAMIN B 12

Front 75

PYLORIC SPHINCTER

Back 75

THICKENING OF THE CIRCULAR LAYER OF THE GASTRIC MUSCLATURE ENCIRCLING THE JUNCTION BETWEEN THE STOMACH AND DUODENUM

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RUGAE

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FOLD OR RIDGE; FOLD OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE STOMACH WHEN THE ORGAN IS CONTRACTED; TRANSVERSE RIDGE IN THE MUCOSA OF THE VAGINA

Front 77

EXTERNAL ANL SPHINCTER

Back 77

RING OF STRIATIED MUSCLAR FIBERS SURROUNDING THE ANUS

Front 78

PANCREATIC DUCT

Back 78

EXCRETORY DUCT OF THE PANCREAS THAT EXTENDS THROUGH THE GLAND FROM TAIL TO HEAD WHERE IT EMPTIES INTO THE DUODENUM AT THE GREATER DUODENAL PAPILLA

Front 79

RIBONUCLEASE

Back 79

ENZYME THAT SPLITS RNA INTO ITS COMPONENT NUCLEOTIDES

Front 80

GASTROESPHAGEAL OPENING

Back 80

OPENING OF THE ESOPHAGUS INTO THE STOMACH

Front 81

SOFT PALATE

Back 81

POSTERIOR MUSCLAR PORTION OF THE PALATE, FORMING AN INCOMPLETE SEPTUM BETWEEN THE MOUTH AND THE OROPHARYNX AND BETWEEN THE OROPHARYNX AND THE NASOPHARYNX

Front 82

PEPSIN

Back 82

PRINCIPAL DIGESTIVE ENZYME OF THE GASTRIC JUICE; FORMED FROM PEPSINOGEN; DIGEST PROTEINS INTO SMALLER PEPTIDE CHAINS

Front 83

SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND

Back 83

ONE OF TWO SALIVARY GLANDS IN THE NECK, LOCATED IN THE SPACE BOUNDED BY THE TWO BELLIES OF THE DIGASTRIC MUSCLE AND THE ANGLE OF THE MANDIBLE

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HEPATOPANCREATIC AMPULLA

Back 84

DIALATION WITHIN THE MAJOR DUODENAL PAPILLA THAT NORMALLY RECEIVES BOTH THE COMMON BILE DUCT AND THE MAIN PANCREATIC DUCT

Front 85

PERISTALIC WAVE

Back 85

CONTRACTION IN A TUBE SUCH AS THE INTESTINE CHARACTERIZED BY A WAVE OF CONTRACTION IN SMOOTH MUSCLE PRECEDED BY A WAVE OF RELAXATION THAT MOVES ALONG THE TUBE

Front 86

PLICAE CIRCULARES

Back 86

NUMEROUS FOLDS OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE IN THE SMALL INTESTINES

Front 87

APICAL FORAMEN

Back 87

OPENING AT THE APEX OF THE ROOT OF A TOOTH THAT GIVES PASSAGE TO THE NERVE AND BLOOD VESSELS

Front 88

SUBMUCOSA

Back 88

LAYER OF TISSUE BENEATH A MUCOUS MEMBRANE

Front 89

SECRETIN

Back 89

HORMONE FORMED BY THE EPITHEAL CELLS OF THE DUODENUM; STIMULATES SECRETION OF PANCREATIC JUICE HIGH IN BICARBONATE IONS

Front 90

VILLUS

Back 90

PROJECTIONS OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE INTESTINE; THEY ARE LEAF-SHAPED IN THE DUODENUM AND BECOME SHORTER MOE FINGER-LIKE AND SPARSER IN THE ILEUM

Front 91

FLATUS

Back 91

GAS OR AIR IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT THAT MAY BE EXPELLED THROUGH THE ANUS

Front 92

SMALL INTESTINE

Back 92

PORTION OF THE DIGESTIVE TUBE BETWEEN THE STOMACH AND THE CECUM CONSIST OF DUODENUM, JEJUNUM, AND ILEUM

Front 93

DEGLUTITION

Back 93

ACT OF SWALLOWING

Front 94

MUSCULARIS

Back 94

MUSCLAR COAT OF A HOLLOW ORGAN OR TUBULAR STRUCTURE

Front 95

CHYMOTRYPSIN

Back 95

PROTEOLYTIC ENZYME FORMED IN THE SMALL INTESTINE FROM PANCREATIC PRECURSOR CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN

Front 96

HEPATIC SINUSOID

Back 96

TERMINAL BLOOD VESSEL HAVING IRREGULAR AND LARGER CALIBER THAN ORDINARY CAPILLARY WITHIN THE LIVER LOBULE

Front 97

ILEOCECAL SPHINCTER

Back 97

THICKENING OF CIRCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE BETWEEN THE ILEUM AND THE CECUM FORMING THE ILEOCECAL VALVE

Front 98

MYENTERIC PLEXUS

Back 98

PLEXUS OF UNMYLENATED FIBERS AND POSTGANGLOINIC AUTONOMIC CELL BODIES LYING IN THE MUSCLAR COAT OF THE ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, INTESTINE; COMMUNICATES WITH THE SUBMUCOSAL PLEXUS

Front 99

PULP

Back 99

THE SOFT TISSUE WITHIN THE PULP CAVITY, CONSISTING OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE CONTAING BLOOD VESSELS,NERVES, AND LYMPHATICS

Front 100

MASS MOVEMENT

Back 100

FORCIBLE PERSTALIC MOVEMENT OF SHORT DURATIONS, OCCURING ONLY THREE OR FOUR TIMES A DAY, WHICH MOVES THE CONTENTS OF THE LARGE INTESTINES

Front 101

LIST THE 8 FUNCTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Back 101

1-INGESTION
2-MASTICATION
3-SECRETION
3-PROPULSION
4-MIXING
5-SECRETION
6-DIGESTION
7-ABSORPTION
8-ELIMINATION

Front 102

LIST THE 7 PARTS OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT

Back 102

1-ORAL CAVITY
2-PHARYNX
3- ESOPHAGUS
4-STOMACH
5-SMALL INTESTINE
6- LARGE INTESTINE
7-ANUS

Front 103

LIST THE FOUR ASSECORY ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Back 103

1-SALIVARY GLANDS
2-LIVER
3-GALLBLADDER
4- PANCREAS

Front 104

LIST THE FOUR TUNICAS OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT

Back 104

1-MUCOSA
2-SUBMUCOSA
3-MUSCULARIS
4-SEROSA

Front 105

DIGESTION

Back 105

THE BREAKDOWN OF ORGANIC MOLECULES INTO THEIR COMPONENT PARTS