Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Why we eat |
Get building blocks for biomolecules Energy Get essential nutrients |
|
|
Essential Nutrients |
Things we can't build: Amino Acids Fatty Acids Vitamins Minerals-Iodized and non-iodized salt |
|
|
Iodine
|
Required to regulate metabolism Used by thyroid gland Low Iodine= goiter |
|
|
Monomers of Lipids |
Glycerol, unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, cis and trans fat |
|
|
Lipid connective reaction |
dehydration synthesis |
|
|
Ester bonds |
Bond together Lipids |
|
|
Molecules within Lipid group |
triglyceride, triacylglycerol, phospholipids, steroids/cholesterol |
|
|
Functions of Lipids |
Long term energy storage, cell membranes, communication within body |
|
|
glycerol |
3 carbon alcohol |
|
|
phospholipids |
make up cell membranes |
|
|
# of rings on cholesterol |
4 |
|
|
carbohydrates |
short term energy storage |
|
|
monomer of carbohydrates |
monosaccharides- glucose, fructose, galactose |
|
|
monosaccharide |
one sugar |
|
|
C6 H12 O6 |
Formula of glucose, fructose and galactose Isomers |
|
|
isomers |
molecules with the same chemical formula because they are made of the same pieces but are structurally different so they have different properties |
|
|
glucose + fructose |
Sucrose |
|
|
Glucose +glucose |
maltose |
|
|
Glucose + galactose |
Lactose |
|
|
starches/plant energy storage |
amylose+amylopectin |
|
|
Glycogen |
animal energy storage: in muscles and liver |
|
|
structure of cellulose |
long chains of beta glucose, every other beta glucose is upside down |
|
|
cellulose |
makes up plant cell walls |
|
|
penicillin |
extremely good at attacking peptidoglycan (great at fighting gram+, not efficient against gram-) |
|
|
Monomers of nucleic acids |
Nucleotides |
|
|
makeup of nucleotides |
5 carbon sugar, nitrogen base, phosphate group |
|
|
Makeup of DNA |
double helix, strands held together by attraction between nitrogen bases. |
|
|
Function of DNA |
Carry info (hereditary: passes from parent to offspring) (info on how to run your cells) |
|
|
Proteins |
most diverse in function - does just about everything for your body |
|
|
Enzymes |
control chemical reactions |
