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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ptyalin
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enzyme in saliva that breaks down some starches into sugars
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enzyme
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chemical substance that helps control chemical reactions
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esophagus
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tube that carries food to the stomach
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peristalsis
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waves of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system
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stomach
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j-shaped digestive organ that connects the esophagus to the small intestine
digests proteins |
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pepsin
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enzyme produced by the stomach digests proteins
starts protein digestion |
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small intestine
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digestive organ in which most digestine takes place
digestion ends here |
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liver
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organ that produces bile
largest organ |
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pancreas
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organ that produces pancreatic juice and insulin
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villus
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fingerlike structure that lines the small intestine through which food is abrobed into the bloodstream
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large intestine
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organ in the digestive system in which water is absorbed and undigested food is stored
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rectum
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end of the large intestine
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where does digestion begin?
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mouth
chemical and mechanical carbohydrates digested |
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What makes digestive enzymes?
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glands
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What does bile do?
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breaks down fat into tiny pieces
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What does ptyalin change starches and double sugars into?
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simple sugars
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What does pepsin change proteins into?
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amino acids
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What do fatty acids and glycerol change fats into?
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simpler fatty substances
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What are carbohydrates?
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chemical compounds
starches and sugars (grains and sugars) |
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Why are fats important?
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They cushion the body and give it shape
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Why are proteins important?
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help build new cells
repair damaged cells |
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What are proteins made up of?
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amino acids
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How do amino acids work?
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they re-organize to make up the protein you need
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What are carbohydrates made up of?
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carbon
hydrogen oxygen |
