Digestive Organs

Front 1

Describe the general location and shape of the liver and gall bladder

Back 1

composed of mulitple lobes, with the right lobe being larger, and lies just below the diaphragm and on top of the stomach and duodenum, the gallbladder lies on the ventral side of the liver

Front 2

What are the major functions of the liver?

Back 2

secretes bile and bicarbonate
....
reduces plasma proteins, recycyles iron from old blood cells, and stores glucose as glycogen
.....
excretes degraded hemoglobin and excess cholesterol
...
detoxifies metabolic wastes and other toxins(drugs)

Front 3

tiny hexagonal units that make up a functional unit of the kidney

Back 3

lobules- veins on six corners and a central vein

Front 4

flat cords of tissue made up of hepatocytes

Back 4

liver cords (plates)

Front 5

name for specialized liver cells

Back 5

hepatocytes (perform all liver functions)

Front 6

blood filled spaces in between the liver cords

Back 6

sinusoids

Front 7

corners of each liver lobule that hold blood vessels and small ducts

Back 7

portal tracts

Front 8

Describe the blood flow in the liver...

Back 8

The hepatic portal vein brings in deoxygenated blood but nutrient rich, this goes to portal veins which drain into sinusoids where the blood is processed by cells. The blood is then drained out via the central venule

Front 9

Describe the billiary tree of the liver

Back 9

tiny bile canilibuli collect bile from individual cells, and transfer it to ductules which lead to bile ducts in the portal tract. These eventually merge and lead to two large hepatic ducts exiting the liver

Front 10

Describe how the gall bladder works?

Back 10

When the valve of the common bile duct is closed, bile backs up and enters the cystic duct which leads to the gall bladder for storage, the gall bladder then contracts to expel its bile

Front 11

This organ lies within the duodenal loop leading from the stomach?

Back 11

the pancreas

Front 12

Where do the one or two ducts of the pancreas lead too?

Back 12

They lead to the common bile duct

Front 13

These secrete digestive enzymes within the pancreas?

Back 13

acinar glands (triagular shaped)

Front 14

This secretes bicarbonate in the pancreas?

Back 14

The interacalated ducts (also collects secretions from the acinar glands)

Front 15

patches of endocrine cells within the pancreas

Back 15

Islets of Langerhams (secrete insulin and glucogon)

Front 16

This enzyme in the pancreas functions to break down proteins to amino acids?

Back 16

trypsinogen

Front 17

This enzyme in the pancreas functions to break down starch and glycogen to maltose

Back 17

Amylase

Front 18

This enzyme in the pancreas functions to break down fats?

Back 18

Lipase

Front 19

This hormone produced by the pancreas prompts organs to take up glucose from the blood

Back 19

insulin

Front 20

This hormone produced by the pancreas prompts the liver to release glucose into the blood

Back 20

glucagon