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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 functions of saliva?
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Lubrication
Begin chemical digestion of carbs via amalayse Neutralize acids in foods |
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Function of teeth
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Mechanical breakdown
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Function of tongue
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aids in swallowing, carries taste buds
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What is the Pharynx and its function?
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Throat. allows us to swallow without breathing in food; entrance to the windpipe and esophagus.
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What happens when we are not swallowing?
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Trachea (windpipe) is open, esophagus is closed by the esophageal sphincter (smooth muscle)
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What happens when we are swallowing?
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larnyx moves up and forces the epiglottis to cover the trachea; sphincter relaxes
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What is the function of the esophagus?
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Wavelike motion moves food to stomach
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Three functions of the stomach
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breakdown
storage mechanical churning |
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What are the 3 properties of the cells lining the stomach?
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Protected from HCL and pepsin by mucous secretion.
Not always immersed in acid, controlled by hormone gastrin. Regenerate every 3 days via mitosis |
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What are the 2 functions of the small intestine?
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site for completion of chemical breakdown; absorption of all nutrients
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Pancreas aids in breakdown of?
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Carbohydrates- pancreatic amylase
Proteins – trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase Lipids –lipase Nucleic acids – pancreatic nucleases Produces bicarbonate to neutralize the acidity of the chyme coming from the stomach (so that the enzymes above work at proper pH). |
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Function of liver in digestion
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Secretes bile-emulsifies fat
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Function of gall bladder
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stores bile
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Function of large intestine
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concentrates water, stores waste as feces.
contains bacteria. symbiotic relationship |
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Integumentary exchange
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Respiration through skin. Requires moisture and thin skin
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Invertebrate gills
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Not same as fish gills. Any highly folded or feathery extensions of body surface used for gas exchange.
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Tracheae
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inner network of tubes that reach every cell; works with exoskeleton; requires alot of space
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Vertebrate gills
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extensions of body surface called filaments that house blood vessels; close circulatory system; countercurrent exchange (blood flows one way, water the other)
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Lungs
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internal sac-like organ with close contact with blood vessels and connected to surface by moist epithelium.
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