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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Salivary Amylase is made
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Salivary Glands
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Pepsin is made
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Chief cells - stomach
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Enterokinase is made
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Small bowel
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Trypsin is made
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Pancreas
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Chymotrypsin is made
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Pancreas
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Carboxypeptidase is made
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Pancreas
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Pancreatic Amylase is made
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Pancreas
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Maltase is made
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Small bowel
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Lactase is made
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Small bowel
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Nuclease is made
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Pancreas
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Chief Cells make
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Pepsin (ogen)
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Goblet Cells make
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Mucus
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Parietal Cells make (2)
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HCl (acid in stomach)
Intrinsic Factor (needed to absorb Vit B12 |
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Functions of HCl (4)
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Kills bacteria, breaks down plant cell walls, denatures protein, activates pepsin
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Intrinsic factor is made
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Parietal Cells - stomach
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Intrinsic factor function
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Required for absorption of vitamin B-12
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What activates Pepsin
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HCl in stomach
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What activates Trypsin
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Enterokinase
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What activates Chymotrypsin
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Trypsin
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What activates Carboxypeptidase
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Trypsin
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What controls Salivary Amylase?
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Parasympathetic Nervous System
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What controls pepsin?
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Parasympathetic Nervous System and Gastrin
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What controls Enterokinase?
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Food in contact with small bowel
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What controls Trypsin
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CCK (cholecystokinin)
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What controls Chymotrypsin?
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CCK (cholecystokinin)
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What controls Carboxypeptidase?
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CCK (cholecystokinin)
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What controls Pancreatic Amylase?
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CCK (cholecystokinin)
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What controls Maltase?
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Food in contact with small bowel
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What controls Lactase?
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Food in contact with small bowel
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What controls Lipase?
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CCK (cholecystokinin)
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What controls Nuclease?
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CCK (cholecystokinin)
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Effect of CCK (3)
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1. Decreases gastric activity 2. Stimulates release of bile from gall bladder 3. Stimulates release of digestive enzymes from pancreas
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Effect of Secretin
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Stimulates HCO3- release from pancreas
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Effect of Gastrin
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Increases gastric activity
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Enterogastric reflex (source-target-effect)
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From Small Bowel to Stomach, decrease activity
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Gastroenteric reflex (source-target-effect)
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From Stomach to small bowel, increase small bowel motility
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Gastroileal reflex (source-target-effect)
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From Stomach to Ileum, Increase motility in ileum, open ileocecal valve
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Gastrocolic reflex (source-target-effect)
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From Stomach to colon, cause mass movement in colon (increase motility)
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Effect of Salivary amylase?
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Starches-> disaccharides
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Effect of Pepsin
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Proteins->peptides
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Effect of pancreatic amylase
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Starches-> disaccharides
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Effect of Carboxypeptidase
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Peptides to amino acids
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Effect of Pancreatic Lipase
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Fats (triglycerides to glycerol and fatty acids)
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Effect of Trypsin
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Peptides to amino acids
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Effect of Chymotrypsin
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Peptides to amino acids
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Effect of Enterokinase
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Activates Trypsin
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Effect of Maltase
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Disaccharides to monosaccharides
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Effect of Lactase
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Disaccharides to monosaccharides
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Effect of nuclease
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DNA, RNA -> nucleotides
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What anatomical changes are found in the small bowel to increase absorption? (3 answers) |
1. Circular Folds 2. Villi 3. Microvilli All increase surface area, and so increase absorption. |
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What nutrients are found in the hepatic portal vein? |
Sugars, Amino acids, but NOT FATS (they go into the lacteals -> lymphatic system) |
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How are fats transported from the small bowel?
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They do NOT go into the hepatic portal vein. They are transported via the lymphatic system->Thoracic Duct -> Left Subclavian |