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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List the common diffuse parenchymal lung diseases.
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1. IPF
2. Sarcoidosis 3. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis |
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What is the etiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ?
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1. Genetic
2. Drugs- antidepressants 3. Occupational exposure 4. Social- Smoking |
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What are the clinical features of IPF ?
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1. Progressive dyspnoea
2. Dry cough 3. Absence of systemic symptoms Signs during physical: 1. Basal crackles 2. Clubbing 3. Cyanosis |
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What are the radiographic features of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ?
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1. Peripheral basal changes
2. Loss of lung volume 3. Reticulonodular infiltrates 4. Honeycombing |
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Discuss the expected results of lung function testing of a patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Usually a restrictive pattern is observed on flow-volume loop. But it may have a mixed obstructive and restrictive pattern.
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How would you treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ?
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1. Corticosteroids
2. Immunosuppresive drugs 3. Heart/Lung transplant |
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Define: Sarcoidosis.
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It is a multisystem disease characterized by non-caseating granulomatous inflammation.
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Discuss the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis.
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Th1 immune response to an antigen with granuloma formation (Type 4 Hypersensitivity). In some patients lesions heal, in others the inflammation is followed by progressive fibrosis.
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Discuss the systemic involvement of sarcoidosis.
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Most prominently the lungs and lymphatic system is affected. Furthermore the following structures can also be affected:
1. Skin 2. Eyes 3. Neurological 4. Cardiac 5. Parotids 6. Liver |
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Which drugs can be used in the treatment of sarcoidosis ?
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Corticosteroids.
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True or false: All patients with sacroidosis will proceed to at least stage 4 of the disease.
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False. Most patients will reach stage 1 and spontaneously heal.
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Define: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
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Diffuse parenchymal lung disease due to exposure to certain organic dusts in susceptible individuals. Usually a combination of type III and IV hypersensitivity.
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Discuss the radiographic appearance of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
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Acute:
Ground glass with reticulonodular infiltrates in the basal areas. Chronic: Diffuse fibrosis and honeycombing more predominantly in the upper zones. |
