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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A healthy diet is...
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Right balance of different foods you need and the right amount of energy
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The 7 components of a balanced diet are...
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Carbohydrates
Protein Fats Fibres Mineral Vitamins Water |
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Some good sources of carbohydrates:
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Potato
Rice Pasta |
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Function of carbohydrates:
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Main source of energy
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Some good sources of fats:
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Butter
Cheese Vegetable oil |
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Function of fats:
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Long term energy storage
More energy per gram than carbohydrates Insulation |
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Some good sources of fibres:
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Brown bread
Brown rice Cereal |
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Function of fibre:
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Prevents constipation
Reduces risk of some types of cancer |
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Some good sources of minerals:
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Iron: liver, green leavy vegetables
Calcium: dairy products |
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Function of minerals:
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Iron: make haemoglobin
Calcium: hardening bones and teeth |
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Some good sources of protein:
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Meat
Fish Eggs Pulses |
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Function of proteins:
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Growth and repair
Source of energy if starving |
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Some good sources of vitamins:
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Vitamin A: Carrots
Vitamin C: Fresh fruit and vegetables |
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Function of vitamins:
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Vitamin A: light sensitive cells in the eye
Vitamin C: healthy cells that form the linings of our bodies (e.g. gums) |
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Function of vitamins/minerals (in general)
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Healthy functioning of the body
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If a person is malnourished (their diet is not balanced), what may these lead to?
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Being overweight (BMI>35)
Being underweight (BMI<18.5) Deficiency/diseases (e.g. Type 2 diabetes) |
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A person loses mass when...
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...the energy content of the food taken in is less than the amount of energy expended by the body
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Exercise increases the amount of e______ expended by the body
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Energy
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What does LDL stand for?
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Low density lipoprotein
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What does HDL stand for?
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High density lipoprotein
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What do LDLs do?
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Increase your risk of heart problems by transporting cholesterol from your liver to the rest of your body where it can clot
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What do HDLs do?
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Decrease your risk of heart problems by taking cholesterol away from blood vessels
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How do saturated fats affect blood?
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Increases the amount of cholesterol
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How do mono-unsaturated fats affect blood?
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Decreases the amount of cholesterol
Increases the amount of HDLs |
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How do poly-unsaturated fats affect blood?
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Decreases the amount of cholesterol
Increases the amount of HDLs |
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Which foods contain saturated fats?
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Butter
Lard General dairy products |
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Which foods contain mono-unsaturated fats?
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Olives
Peanuts Margerines |
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Which foods contain poly-unsaturated fats?
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Corn oil
Sunflower oil Margerines Oily fish |
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Why is salt important in the diet?
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Muscles functioning properly
Regulation Growth and repair |
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What can high salt levels cause?
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High blood pressure
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BMI stands for...
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Body Mass Index
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BMI formula:
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BMI = mass/height2(squared)
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Causes of starvation
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Civil wars
Droughts Pests etc. |
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Symptoms of starvation
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Very thin
Muscles begin to waste away Immune system can't work properly Period stops/becomes irregular (female) |
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What is the mental disorder with the same symptoms as starvation?
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Anorexia nervosa
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What is a 'metabolic rate'?
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The rate at which chemical reations in the cells of the body are carried out
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What factors affect metabolic rate?
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Proportion of muscle to fat
Amount of activity you do |
