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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two structures that compose the diencephalon? |
Thalamus and hypothalamus |
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Thalamus |
Large two lobed structure that constitutes the top of the brain stem. One lobe sits on each side of the third ventricle and the two lobes are joined by the masa intermedia (which runs through the ventricle) |
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Primary function of thalamus |
Sensory relay to the cortex (Nuclei that receive signals from sensory receptors, process them, and then transmit them to appropriate areas of sensory cortex |
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Example of sensory relay nuclei |
The lateral geniculate nuclei, the medial geniculate nuclei and the ventral pesterior nuclei are important in relay stations in the visual, auditory and somatosensory systems |
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Hypothalamus location |
Located at the base of the brain under the thalamus |
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Hypothalamus functions |
Plays an important role in the regulation of several motivated behaviors (eating, sleeping and sexual behavior) |
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What does the hypothalamus control? |
The autonomic and endocrine system |
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What does the hypothalamus do? |
Organizes behavior related survival (fighting, fleeing, feeding and mating) |
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What controls the pituitary gland? |
The hypothalamus, it exerts its effects in part by regulating the release of hormones fro the pituitary gland |
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How is the pituitary gland divided? |
It's divided into the anterior and posterior pituitary |
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Anterior pituitary |
Secretes hormones that control the endocrine glands in the body |
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Posterior pituitary |
Extension of the hypothalamus |
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What are the structures of the limbic system? |
Hippocampus, amygdala, fornix, mammillary bodies, cingulate gyrus, septum pellucidum, nucleus accumbens |
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Hippocampus |
Learning and memory |
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Amygdala |
Almond at the Rostral end of the temporal lobe involved in emotion fear and specific types of learning and memory |
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Fornix |
Fiber tract that connects the hippocampus with the mammillary bodies |
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Mammillary bodies |
Protrusion on the base of the brain under the hypothalamus |
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Cingulate gyrus |
Region of limbic cortex above corpus callosum |
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Septum pellucidum and septal nuclei |
Involved in reward/reinforcement |
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Nucleus accumbens |
Reward, pleasure, aggression, impulsivity |
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What's the collection of nuclei involved in control of movement? |
Striatum, caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, and specific areas in the thalamus |
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Together the caudate and the putamen are known as |
Striatum |
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As the neural tube develops it forms 3 bulges what are they? |
Forebrain (prose cephalon), midbrain (mesencephalon), hindbrain (rhombencephalon) |
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The three bulges turn into five regions name the five regions and from which structures they originated |
Telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon
Telencephalon and diencephalon come from forebrain
Mesencephalon comes from midbrain
Methencephalon and myelencephalon come from hindbrain
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Four lobes of the brain |
Temporal, frontal, occipital, parietal |
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Four lobes of the brain |
Temporal, frontal, occipital, parietal |
