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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Diazepam
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(Valium)
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Classification
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Anticonvulsant, Benzodiazepine, sedative-hypnotic; Anti-anxiety (anxiolytic)
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Mechanism of action
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1. Suppresses the spread of seizure activity and raises the seizure threshold in the motor complex
2. Sedative effects depress CNS and reduce anxiety 3. Skeletal muscles relaxant 4. Induces amnesia |
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Indications
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1. Generalizes seizure activity and status epilepticus
2. Sedation prior to cardioversion or pacing of a conscious patient 3. Actue anxiety 4. Muscle relaxer 5. Chemical restraint |
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Contraindications
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1. Head injury/CNS Depression
2. Respiratory depression 3. Hypotension/depressed vital signs 4. Infants < 30 days old |
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Side effects
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CARDIOVASCULAR: Bradycardia, hypotension, rebound tachycardia
NEUROLOGICAL: Dizziness, drowsiness, headache RESPIRATORY: respiratory depression/ arrest GASTROINTESTINAL: Nausea/Vomiting |
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Precautions
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Use with causation in the elderly and very ill patients due to paradoxical effects
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Interactions
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Use with causation when patient is taking antihistamines, antidepressants, alcohol, narcotics, barbiturates, sedatives, and hypnotics as these drug classifications may potentiate the effects
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Routes of administration
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IV, IO, IM, PR, PO
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Onset duration
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Onset in 5 minutes with unknown duration
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Dosages
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ADULT:
Seizures: 5-10 mg IV/IM. May repeat every 5-15 minutes PRN to a max dose of 20 mg Anxiety 5-10 mg IV/IM Cardioversion 5-10 mg IV titrated to effect PEDIATRIC: 0.1 mg/kg IV/PR. MAy repeat 5-15 minutes PRN to a max dose of 20 mg |