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11 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Diazepam
(Valium)
Classification
Anticonvulsant, Benzodiazepine, sedative-hypnotic; Anti-anxiety (anxiolytic)
Mechanism of action
1. Suppresses the spread of seizure activity and raises the seizure threshold in the motor complex
2. Sedative effects depress CNS and reduce anxiety
3. Skeletal muscles relaxant
4. Induces amnesia
Indications
1. Generalizes seizure activity and status epilepticus
2. Sedation prior to cardioversion or pacing of a conscious patient
3. Actue anxiety
4. Muscle relaxer
5. Chemical restraint
Contraindications
1. Head injury/CNS Depression
2. Respiratory depression
3. Hypotension/depressed vital signs
4. Infants < 30 days old
Side effects
CARDIOVASCULAR: Bradycardia, hypotension, rebound tachycardia
NEUROLOGICAL: Dizziness, drowsiness, headache
RESPIRATORY: respiratory depression/ arrest
GASTROINTESTINAL: Nausea/Vomiting
Precautions
Use with causation in the elderly and very ill patients due to paradoxical effects
Interactions
Use with causation when patient is taking antihistamines, antidepressants, alcohol, narcotics, barbiturates, sedatives, and hypnotics as these drug classifications may potentiate the effects
Routes of administration
IV, IO, IM, PR, PO
Onset duration
Onset in 5 minutes with unknown duration
Dosages
ADULT:
Seizures: 5-10 mg IV/IM. May repeat every 5-15 minutes PRN to a max dose of 20 mg
Anxiety 5-10 mg IV/IM
Cardioversion 5-10 mg IV titrated to effect
PEDIATRIC: 0.1 mg/kg IV/PR. MAy repeat 5-15 minutes PRN to a max dose of 20 mg