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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sulfonylurea (Glipizide/Glyburide/Glimepiride) |
Increases insulin produced by beta cells. Must eat on schedule. May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain. |
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Meglitinide/Repaglinide/Nateglinide (Prandin/Starlix) |
Stimulate beta cells to make insulin. Take just before eating. Less potential for hypoglycemia than sulfonylureas. |
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Biguanide (metformin/glucophage) |
Stops liver from making glucose. May help reduce hunger/weight loss. Do not use with renal impairment. |
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Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (Acarbose/Precose; Miglitol/Glyset) |
Inhibit body from breaking down carbohydrates by blocking enzymes. Must take before each meal. |
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Thiazolidinediones/TZDs/Glitazones (Actos/Pioglitazone; Avandia/Rosiglitazine) |
Lowers insulin resistance by producing new fat cells that are more sensitive to insulin. |
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Gliptins/DPP-4 inhibitors (Januvia) |
prevents destruction of GLP-1. Allows more insulin to be released. |
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GLP-1 Mimetics (Byetta/Exanitide/Victoza or Liraglutide) |
Is not destroyed by DPP-4 enzyme. Body produces more insulin.May speed/increase satiety leading to weight loss. |
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Amylin analog (Pramlintide/Symlin) |
Reduces glucagon levels which reduces glucose production. Can take with insulin |
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SGLT2 Inhibitor (canagliozin/Invokana) |
Blocks glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, increasing secretion through urine; increases insulin sensitivity in muscles; may lead to weight loss; not rec for pt with renal disease. |
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Insulin types |
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