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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When assessing the patient's needs what information do you need to look at?
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histories, radiographic and clincial examinations, and chartings
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What is the process of dental hygiene care?
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needs of a patient are assessed from histories and clincial findings, a diagnosis is made, and the care plan is outlined
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What information should be applied about the patient what planning for an intervention?
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education level
occupation socioeconomic background cultural influences attitudes toward oral health and care |
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What are the steps in preventive program?
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assess the patient's needs
plan for intervention implementation perform clinical preventive services evaluate progressive changes plan short-and long term maintenance |
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What are you performing during clinical preventative services?
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somplete scaling and bacterial debridement
apply caries-preventive agents:fluoride, sealants |
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Personalized patient counseling contributes first to what?
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knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the individual and then, through the indivdual, to the family and the community
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Periodontal infections and dental caries can be what?
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prevented and controlled and therefore teeth can be preserved throughout the lifetime of the individual
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Learning occurs when?
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when an individual changes behavior and when the beneficial changes are incorporated into everyday living
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Learning is more effective when?
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when an individual is physiologically and psychologically ready to learn
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What are the principles of learning?
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-when an individual is physiologically and psychologically ready to learn
-individual differences must be considered if effective learning is to take place -motivation is essential for learning -whan an individual learns in a given situation depends on what is recognized and understood -transfer of learning is facilitated by recognition of similiarites and dissimilarities -an individual learns what is acutally used -learning takes place more effectively in situations from which the individual derives feelings of satisfaction -evaluation of the results of instruction is essential to determine whether learning is taking place |
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What is the learning ladder?
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unawareness
awareness self-interest involvement action habit |
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What is the inital instruction best given?
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first, before any clincial treatment
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Why can instruction provided before clinical treatment can be more effective?
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emphasis is placed on the importance of self care
instruction time is not limited by the end of the appt time |
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How should a patient by sitting when "teaching"?
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sitting upright in the dental chair
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A biofilm index or score and/or a bleeding index is made when?
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at the start
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How do you evaluate with the patien?
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show the patient using mirror and probe
too long a lecture with too many facts and details at one time may mean the patient cannon absorb any of them |
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What type of demonstration should be given when looking at gingiva?
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observe a healthy area of gingiva and an inflamed area and compare them when looking in the mirror
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What is the rule for continuous instruction?
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one learning experience is rarely adequate. when a patient has been able to maintain relatively clean teeth and clinically healthy gingiva and can demonstrate and acceptable toothbrushing method, and review of difficult to reach areas can be made and reevaluated at a follow up appt
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What does learning mean?
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change in behavior has occurred
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Evaluation of teaching aids involves consideration of what?
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simplicity
content cultural and linguistic appropriateness level of orientation durability cost objectives |
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In dental hygiene, a disclosing agent is used to what?
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identify dental biofilm deposits for instruction, evaluation, and research
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What is the purpose of a disclosing agent?
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personalized patient instruction in the location of soft deposits and the techniques for removal
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What are the properties of an acceptable disclosing agent?
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intensity of color
duration of intensity tast irritation to the mucous membrane diffusibility astringent and antiseptic properties |
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Bright yellow fluorescing dye effective for disclosing dental biofilm on teeth; used in opthalmology to reveal corneal lesions of the eye.
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fluorescein
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Why do you make gingival tissue evaluation before application of a disclosing agent?
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disclosing agent masks tissue colors
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How long should a patient chew a disclosing wafer?
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30 to 60 seconds and rinses
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Xerostomia is what?
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a symptom not a disease entity
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What does exrostomia mean?
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dryness of the mouth
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What are the functions of saliva?
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lubrication
cleansing tasting digestion protection against disease buffering remineralization speech carrier of antibiotics, hormones, and enzymes |
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Is xerostomia permanent or temporary?
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both
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What are causes of xerostomia?
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radiation to head and neck for cancer therapy
surgical removal of glands sjogren's syndrome pharmacologically induce xerostomia |
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What are the clinical symptoms of xerostomia?
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feeling of oral dryness
difficulty w/ mastication, swallowing, or speech impaired taste thirst smarting, burning, and soreness of mucosa and tongue |
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What are the oral effects of xerostomia?
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heavy dental biofilm, materia alba, and debris accumulation can lead to increased severity of periodontal infection and dental caries
predisposition to dental caries problems of denture wearing dietary changes becusae of discomfort during eating |
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What type of therapy can lead to increase salivary output?
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pilocarpine
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What is a saliva substitute?
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a preparation with physical and chemical properties similar to those of real saliva
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What percent of malodors originate in the oral cavity?
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90%
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What percent of malodors originate systemically or nonorally?
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10%
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What are the oral causes and contributing factors of halitosis?
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periodontal infection
tongue coating xerostomia faulty restorations containing food and bacteria unclean dentures oral pathologic lesions throat infection cleft palate |
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What are systemic and non oral factors of halitosis?
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renal or hepatic failure
carcinomas diabetes upper respiratory; nasal passages cirrhosis of the liver |
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What are factors of halitosis that you find during an extraoral examination?
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organoleptic
detection oral source |
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What are some factors of halitosis that you find during an intraoral examination?
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tongue coating
evidence of mouth breathing xerostomia |
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What are some factors of halitosis that you find during a complete periodontal examination?
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general person care
probing for attachment levels, probing depths; periodontal status evidence of neglect |
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What are interventions for halitosis?
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dental hygiene care plan
plan for instruction tongue cleaning |
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What is the composition of oral malodor?
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volatile sulphur compounds are produced consisting of hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and lesser amounts of dimethyl sulfide and disulfide
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