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99 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
responsible for developing universal and standard precaution protocols for employees to prevent them from contracting disease through blood or body fluids
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OSHA
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recommends infection control protocol and conducts research to determine how diseases are transmitted
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CDC
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examples of biohazard waste
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sharps
items that drip of saliva or blood tissue removed from the patient |
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provide the employee with info reguarding the hazards of chemicals utilized in the office and how to protect themselves
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material safety data sheets
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barriers used and equipment used to protect the oporator
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personal protective equipment
(PPE) |
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PPE items
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mask
eyewear clothing gloves |
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invisible airborne particles that remain in the air for awhile
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aerosol
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visible airborne particles of blood or saliva which drop quickly to the floor or countertops
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spatter
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occurs through direct touching of the infectious agent, saliva, or blood
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direct transmission
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occurs through a contaminated object
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indirect transmission
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use of a disinfectant and kills most pathogenic microbes
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disinfection
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qualities of disinfectant
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rapid broad spectrum antimicrobial
odorless easy fast acting economical environmental and surface compatible residual effect-continues to work after dried nontoxic to touch or inhalation |
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should not be used as a surface disinfectant because of toxic effects of fumes and is also corrosive
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glutaraldehydes
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corrosive to metals, strong odor
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chlorine compounds
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can discolor some surfaces
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iodophors
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may leave a film or residue
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phenols
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kills all pathogenic microbes including spores
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sterilization
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methods of sterilization
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chemical
dry liquid steam |
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conditions and considerations for chemical sterilization
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20 min @ 720 degrees F
for 20-40 lbs. psi ventilation is necissary may damage rubber and plastic items spore test= b. stearothermophilus |
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conditions and considerations for dry sterilization
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1 hour @ 320-375 degrees
for metal instruments avoid paper products may damage plastic or rubber not for hand pieces spore test=b. subtilis |
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conditions and considerations for liquid sterilization
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immerse for 10+ hours
long exposure time used for heat sensitive items spore test=b. subtilis |
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conditions and considerations for steam sterilization
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20 mins. @ 250 f or 121 c
for 15-30 lbs psi corrodes non-stainless steel instruments dulls instruments and burs ok for some plastics paper packages come out wet and tear spore test= b. stearothermophilus |
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force excerted by the circulating blood against the atrial walls during contraction and relaxation
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blood pressure
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ventricles contract to send blood into circulation
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systolic pressure
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ventricles relax to fill with blood returned by circulation
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diastolic pressure
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placement of the blood pressure lies over the ___ artery.
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brachial
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other important areas to review with the patient
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chief complaint
if he/she is hospitalized in past 5 years medications and for which conditions tabacco use if she is pregnant |
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mesognathic
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class I
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retrognathic
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class II
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prognathic
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class III
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mesiobuccal cusp of max 1st molar is positioned in the buccal grove of the mand 1st molar. may have malpositioned individual or groups of teeth
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class I
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max canine is occludes with the distal half of the mandibular canine and the mesial half of the mand 1st premolar
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class I
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buccal grove of the mand 1st permandent molar is distal to the mesilbuccal cusp of the max 1st perm molar by at least the with of 1 premolar
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class II
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distal portion of the max canine is mesial to the mesial portion of the mand canine by at least the width of a premolar
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class II
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buccal groove of the mand 1st premolaris mesial to the mesiobuccal cusp of the max 1st permament molar by at lest the width of a premolar
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class III
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retruded mand with one or more anterior teeth protruded facially
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class II division I
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retruded mand with one or more anterior teeth inclined lingually
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class II division II
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mesial portion of the max canine is distal to the distal surface of the mand canine by the width of a premolar
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class III
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vertical overlap of the max incisors to the mand incisors
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overbite
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horizontal distance between the lingual of the max anterior incisors and the facials of the mand anterior incisors
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overjet
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teeth not in occlusion between the max and mand arch
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open bite
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max teeth are positioned lingual to the mand teeth
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cross bite
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midline of max central incisors do not align with mand centrals
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midline shift (deviation)
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incisal edge to insisal edge of the max anterior to mand anterior teeth respectively
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edge to edge
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cusp to cusp relationship of posterior teeth
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end to end
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begining of plaque formation
acellular and consists of glycoprotiens |
acquired pellicle
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initial biofilm consists of ________ bacteria that produce glucans
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gram positive streptococci
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established biofilm consists of ________bacteria
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gram negative motile rods and spirochettes
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supragingival plaque is located ___ the margin and its nutrient source is the ___
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above
saliva |
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subgingival plaque is located ___ the margin and gets nutrients from the ____
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below
crevicular fluid |
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mineralized plaque that provides irritant to gingiva
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calculus
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supragingival calculus nutrient source is the ___
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saliva
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subgingingival calculus nutrient source is ___ and ___
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crevicular fluid and inflammatory exudate
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color of supra calculus
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white
yellow gray |
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color of sub calculus
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brown
green black |
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exogenous
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extrinsic, removeable stain
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color of stain associated with iron and insoluble ferric sulfide and gram+ bacteria
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black
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color of stain associated with metalic dust, often occupational
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bluish green
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color of stain associated with poor oral hygiene and dark colored beverages
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brown
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color of stain associated with tobacco use
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dark brown n black
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color of stain associated with chromogenic bacteria and poor oral hygiene
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orange
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color of stain associated with chlorhexidine use or stainous fluoride
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yellow brown or brown
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color of stain associated with poor oral hygiene, chromogenic bacteria, fungi, and gingival hemorrhage
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green
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causes of endogenous stain
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pulpal necrosis
internal resorption excessive systemic fluoride tetracycline during development |
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1st sign of gingivitis
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bleeding on probing
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distance of gingival margin to the epithelial attachment
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measurement of pocket depth
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distance from cej to gingival margin
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measurement of recession
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distance of gingival margin to the epithelial attachment
+ distance from cej to gingival margin |
measurment of total clinical attachment loss
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early evidence of bone loss which the instrument can enter into the depression leading to the furcation
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class I
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moderate bone loss which the instrument can enter into the furcation but cannot pass through the roots
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class II
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severe bone loss which the instrument can pass between the roots
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class III
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severe bone loss which the instrument can pass between the roots and there is evidence of recession
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class IV
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mobility that involves slight horizontal mobility
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I
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mobility that involves moderate horizontal that is greater than 1mm with no vertical displacement
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II
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mobility that involves severe mobility with possible combined horizontal and vertical movement
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III
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Maslow's hierarchy: 5 levels of human needs
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physiological
saftey (security) love (social) self esteem (ego) self actualization (self fulfillment) |
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learning ladder
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unawareness
awareness self interest involvement action habit |
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steps of active listening
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listen to speaker
repeat what speaker said if listener didnt understand the speaker can explain more |
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indications for power toothbrush
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children
physically or mentally challenged elderly arthritic patients poorly modivated implant care |
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method of brushing which angle of bristles is 45 degrees toward the apex of the tooth at the gingival 1/3 placing bristles into sulcus
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bass method
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bass method is recommended for __ pts
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periodontal
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brushing technique which the bristles are angled 45 degrees toward apex with 1/2 of bristles placed on tooth and other 1/2 on gingiva
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stillmans
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aid to use in open embrasure spaces, exposed furcations, to apply chemotherapeutic agents, and to clean aroun ortho
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interdental brush
caution: inner wire should be plastic coated |
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aid to use around exposed furcations, hard to access 3rd molars, ortho appliances, and irregular gingival margins of rotated th
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tufted brush
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aid to use around exposed furcations, shallow pockets, and around fixed prosthesis
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toothpick in holder
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aid to use in interdental areas with exposed tooth surfaces
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wedge stimulator
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aid recommended for pts with large hands, physically chalanged, and caregiver
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floss holder
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can use under pontic of a bridge without floss threader
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tufted floss
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aid that disrupts loosely adherent plaque and flushes debris and food particles around ortho appliances
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oral irrigator
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active ingredients in toothpaste
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fluoride
tartar control- pyrophosphates antihypersensitivity- potasium nitrate, stromtium chloride, sodium citrate triclosan- antibacterial |
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type of scaler used on implant
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plastic, nylon, gold tipped, graphite
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magnetostrictive scaler removes deposits with a __ stroke
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eliptical
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piezoelectric scalers use ceramic discs to produce rapid __ mechanical vibrations
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linear
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sonic scalers remove deposits using a __ stroke
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eliptical
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contraindications for ultrasonic scalers:
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demeneralized areas
hypersensitivity titanium implants pt with communicable disease or resperatory cond dentures |
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contraindications for polishing:
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xerostomia
demeneralized area or decay sensitivity newly erupted th gingivitis lack of extrinsic stain and or plaque exposed root surface resperatory disorders |
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properties of air polishing solution
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slurry made from use of forced air and sodium bicarbonate or aluminum trihydroxide mixed with water
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indications for air polishing
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removal of stain
possible preparation of tooth for sealant removal of soft debris around ortho |
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contraindications for air polishing
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active periodontal conditions
soft spongy conditions resperatory complications sodium restricted diets (hypertension)- can use aluminum trihydroxide compsites, glass ionomers, and luting agents |