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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two origins of the eye
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Neural Ectoderm
Surface Ectoderm |
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The Optic stalk develops into what strucutre
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Optic Nerve
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The Optic Vesicle Develops into _____ which develops into the______.
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Optic Cup --- Retina
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The Optic Cup and the Optic Stalk origicate from the _____
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Optic Sculus
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The ______ is induced into the Optic Sculus.
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Diencephelon
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The Lens vesicle forms?
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The lens
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The Corneal Placode forms?
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The cornea
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The Surface exctoderm forms the ___ and the _____.
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Lens Placode ---- Corneal Placode
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The _____ is induced into the Lens Placode
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Optic Vesicle
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The _____ is induced into the corneal Placode
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Lens vesicle
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Anophtalmia is ______ and its causes are ____ and _____
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a. very small or absent eye
b. genetic causes -- eye inv. only c. forbrain defects, other structures are involvecd |
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The Optic Cup develops into the _____
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Retina
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The outer layer of the optic cup forms the _____
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Pigmented epithelium
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The inner layer of the optic cup forms the _____
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Retina
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Congenital Detachment of th Retina
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inner and outer layers of the optic cup do not close
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The Optic Vesicle forms the ____ which forms the _____ with forms the lens.
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Lens placode --- lens vesicle
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The posterior section of the lens becomes ____ while the anterior section of the lens becomes
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a. lens fibers
b. epthelium |
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The result of interference with lens development is ?
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a congenital cateract.
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The lens vesicle differentiates into the _____ which develops into the ______
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a. corneal placode
b. cornea |
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Aside from the contributions of the surface ectoderm so the cornea, ______ also participates
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a. neural crest cells
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The choroid (neural crest in origin) is continuous with the ____ posteriorly
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arachnoid and pia mater
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the Sclera ( neural crest in origin) is continuous with the ____ posteriorly
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dura mater
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The eyelids form from the ___ and the ___
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frontal processes and maxillary processes
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The lacrimal apparatus are from...
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from ectoderm
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the extraocular msucles are from ...
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paraxial mesoderm of the somitomeres... they attach to the sclera
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The Vitreous body is a derivative of...
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mesoderm
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the primary vitreous body is supplied by
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hyaloid artery
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the secondary vitreous bod is supplied by...
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nothing, it is avascular
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Congenital Glaucoma
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is the abnormal developmet of fulid draining systems from the internal part of the eye
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What are the two sources of vascularization to the developing eye?
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1. Hyaloid Arteries (branches of the opthalmic)
2. Choroid Vessels |
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Persistent Pupolary Membrane
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hyaloid vessels that remain in from of the lens and should have disappeared in the 3rd trimester... can cover the pupil
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Coloboma
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failure of Choroid fissure to close
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Congenital Ptosis
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failure to form the levator palebrae muscle
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Micropthalmia
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small eyeball
- if the insult occurs before wk 4 there will be functional problems - if the insult occurs after week 8, you will have a small but normally functioning eyeball |
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Surface Ectoderm Derivatives ( 4)
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1. cornea
2. lens 3. conjunctiva epithelium 4. lacrimal gland |
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Mesoderm (6)
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1. extrinsic occular
2. vascular endothelium 3. vitreous body 4. fluid draining spaces/ vessels 5. orbital soft tissue 6. iris stroma |
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Nerural Ectocderm forms ___ and ____
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Optic Cup inner layer
Optic Cup Outer Layer |
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Optic Cup -- Inner Layer (3)
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1.Sensory Retina ( 2-9)
2. Cillary Body 3. Iris |
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Optic Cup -- Outer Layer ( 3)
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1. Pigmented Retina ( 1)
2. cilliary body 3. Iris |
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Neural Crest Cells ( 6)
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1. spincter and dilatory pupillae muscles
2. cillary mucle 3. sclera 4. choroid 5. pigment cells 6. cornea |
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The middl ear, inner ear and bony portion of the external auditory meatus are part of ____
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The temporal bone
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The Petromastoid is derived from ___ and undergoes ___ ossification
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Otic Capsule , EC
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The Sytloid Process is derived from ___ and undergoes ___ ossification
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Arch 2, EC
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The Squamous is derived from ___ and undergoes ___ ossification
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Arch I , IM
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the Tympanic is derived from ___ and undergoes ___ ossification
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Arch I, IM
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The auricle is derived from the _____
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aruicular hillocks which are derivatives of the 1st and 2nd pharengeal arch
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What are the two parts of the external auditory meatus and what are thier derivations?
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1. Cartilagenous Portion -- 1st pharengeal cleft
2. Osseus Portion -- Meatal lug |
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The two parts of the external ear are ____ and _____.
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1. auricle
2. external auditory meatus |
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The two parts of the middle ear are ?
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1. tympanic membrane
2. ossicles |
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The Tympanic Caivty is formed fron ?
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the first pouch
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What are the three layers of the Tympanic membrane ( first closing plate) and what are their origins??
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Endoderm -- 1st pouch
Arch Mesenchyme -- NC Ectoderm -- 1st cleft |
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The _____ developes into the (Otic Placode the Otic Pit ) Otic Vesicle which develops into ___ and _____
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Rhombencephelon
CN8 and Membranous Labryunth |
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The dorsal portion of the Otic Vesicle is the ____
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Utricle (semiciruclar canals/ crista ampullaris)
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the ventral portion of the Otic Vesicle is the _____
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Saccule ( cochlea and organ of Corti)
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otocephally
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low set ears, bc the auricles did not move superiolaterally
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Cholesteatoma
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begin growth of endoderm w/in tympanic cavity
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Congenital Hearing loss - 60%
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either a problem of conduction or sensorinural (cant intperet vibration... either inner ear of CN 8)
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what accounts for 30% of congenital hearing loss
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prenatal infections and environment
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