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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is deviance |
going against social norms or a law |
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on what basis are judgements made? |
the law & your own beliefs |
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what are other instances of deviant |
taboo |
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who decides what is deviant |
social groups, us, teachers, society |
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why is deviant interesting for sociologists? |
explains who we are, shows how we are different, influences institutions and how we determine what is deviant |
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what are norms? |
tells us what is and isn't appropriate to do |
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what did william sumner do? |
three types of folkways, mores, laws |
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mores are what? |
laws based on broad moral or social rules |
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folkways? |
not saying thank you, not speaking during class |
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laws? |
stronger norms have sanctions that going along with them are enforceable |
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in order for deviance to occur there must be what? |
a potential reaction from the audience |
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the more norms that exist...? |
more increased opportunities for violation |
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sociological definitions of deviance deviance exits when...? |
1. something violates a norm 2. a person with the violation 3. an audience that evaluates 4. negative social reaction |
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what are the two judgements of deviance |
societal - actions and conditions recognized in advance to be deviant
situational- does not exist throughout society but occurs in social gatherings |
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who was the creator of abcs of deviance? |
adler and adler |
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what are the abcs of deviance? |
a - attitudes (unpopular, unconventional beliefs) ex: being a terrorist b. behaviors (any overaction that results in a in a negative reaction) intentional or involuntary achieved status c.conditions: physical characteristics or traits that result in negative social reactions ex: people may avoid you, being poor
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goffmans theory |
type of stigma |
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adler and adler and goffman does NOT discuss |
organizational deviance |
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what is organizational deviance |
when individuals whose positions in specific organizations given the opportunity to engage in certain behaviors |
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deviance is what |
relative |
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judgements of right and wrong vary on what |
where you are located |
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sociologists are about studying why the audience |
reatcs the way it does and why the actor engages in those attitudes |
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normative definiton |
we define deviance based on social norms |
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reactivist definitions |
how do people react based on those |
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what are the four types of deviance? |
negative deviance - under conformity that is negatively evaluated ex: criminals, mentally ill
rate busting- over conformity that is negatively evaluated, individuals who are highly intelligent tend to receive negative reactions ex: overachievers
deviance admiration- under conformity that is positively evaluated, individuals who possess traits that are unacceptable but the public still has a good view on them ex: peter pan
positive deviance: over conformity that is positively evaluated ex: saints
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deviance is NOT |
absolute judgement of right or wrong nothing to do with mental disorders not dependent on abnormality difference deviance is not defined by harm. |
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where was the first instance of deviance as demonic shown? |
the christian bible (adam and eve) |
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deviance as psychotic |
-most common explanation for deviance today -idea that mental illness is the explanation for deviance
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deviance as exotic |
- based on cultural norms different from our own. -ex: people in africa -deviance is relative it is based on the norms of that society |
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deviance as sociological |
-focuses on observation behavior
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what is positivism? |
using the scientific method when studying human behavior |
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when do we use the positivism approach |
when trying to explain the cause of deviance behavior |
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positivism is based on what three assumptions |
empiricism
objectivism
determinism |
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empiricism |
using your 5 senses to understand and analyze not answering the question "what is deviant" |
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objectivism |
the phenomenon in our social world is objectively real or has specific characteristics that distinguish it from another phenomenon ex: law abiding citizen |
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determinism |
looking at how positivist believe we live in a cause effect world.
ex: why people steal |
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postivist want to know |
why people do what they do ex: what is the cause of drug use? |
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where does the term positivist derive from? |
the writings of august compete |
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why do we use the term positivist? |
for a universal explanation fir deviant behavior |
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what are the four types of the positivist theory? |
biological,social structural, socialization, social learning |
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what is symbolic interactionism |
people act in response to meanings they apply to their social world; these meanings are created through this |
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herbert blumer and the 3 premises of symbolic interaction |
1. we act and react to things in our social world based on meaning 2. meanings are created on social actions 3. these meanings are constantly being used and modified through interpretative process are people encounter their social world |
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deviance is not a matter of |
specific behavior, it is how we give meaning to particular behaviors,
-develop these behaviors through interactions |
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social constructionism is |
how members of society define, talk and react to behaviors, beliefs and conditions |
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triangulation |
getting a fix on something by looking at it from several different angles ex: comparing the response to a survey question "have you used drugs in the past 24 hours" with the results of a drug test |
