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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Forms of Deviant Association
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1)Loners
2)Colleagues 3)Peers 4)Crews 5)Formal Organizations |
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Loners (sex-offenders)
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NO Mutual Association; NO Mutual Participation; NO Elaborate Division of Labor; NO Extended Organization over time and space
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Colleagues (Bums)
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YES Mutual Association; NO Mutual Participation; NO Elaborate Division of Labor; NO Extended Organization over time and space
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Peers (Gangs, Deviant Sex)
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YES Mutual Association; YES Mutual Participation; NO Elaborate Division of Labor; NO Extended Organization over time and space
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Crews (Oceans 11)
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YES Mutual Association; YES Mutual Participation; YES Elaborate Division of Labor; NO Extended Organization over time and space
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Formal Organizations (Mafia)
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YES Mutual Association; YES Mutual Participation; YES Elaborate Division of Labor; YES Extended Organization over time and space
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Peers (card #2)
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-youth gangs/illicit markets
-shared participation -cooperation -connections -minimal division of labor ie-buyer/seller -Informal/egalitarian -Relationships vary from fleeting to enduring |
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Crews (card #2)
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-Elaborate division of labor
-Role specialization -Teams/"Rings" -size = 3-12ppl -Division of authority -Rules/Discipline -Coordination -efficient and effective |
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Formal Organizations (card #2)
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-Family ties
-Ethnic ties -Commitment for life; no dropping out!! -Longevity -Vertical and Horizontal Differentiation -Insulation -Violence -Police corruption |
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System of Status Stratification for Prostitutes
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Worst - Sex Slave
2nd Worst - Crack whore 3rd Worst - Street walker Little better-Bar prostitute Next best - Brothels Best - Call girls |
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Deviant Transactions:
1)Individual Deviance 2)Deviant Exchange 3)Deviant Exploitation |
1) One person in a deviant role
2) At least 2ppl in a cooperative deviant roles; mutually beneficial 3) 2 people in conflict; 1 in deviant role: offender & 1 in non-deviant role: victim |
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Individual Deviance
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"To yourself, by yourself, for yourself, on yourself"
-shaped by social relationships -shaped by persons socialization (ie gender, class, religion) -shaped by anticipated actions and reactions of others -Voluntary |
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Deviant Exchange:
3 Diff. b/w Trades and Sales |
1)Degree of Differentiation
-sales = high degree -trade = low degree 2)Knowledge and Skill -sales = high degree -trade = low degree 3)Degree of Authority -sales = one party has upper hand -trade = egalitarian |
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Deviant Exchange:
4 Similarities b/w Trades and Sales |
1)Locating the market
2)Coming to terms 3)Carrying out the exchange 4)Protect the marketplace |
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Deviant Exploitation:
4 ways this differs from Deviant Exchange |
1)Victim role
2)not mutually profitable 3)conflicting interests 4)Hostility and 5 R's -Resist -Refuse to cooperate -recruit outside assistance -retaliate -report to authorities |
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4 subforms of Deviant Exploitation
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1)Coercion
2)Extortion 3)Surreptitious Exploitation 4)Fraud |
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Coercion
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open "exploitation"; by force
ie- hold-up, rape, assault, robbery |
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Extortion
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open "exchange"; by force
ie- blackmail, protection rackets, kidnapping |
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Surreptitious Exploitation
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closed "exploitation"; by stealth
ie- pickpocketing, identity theft, burglary |
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Fraud
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closed "exchange"; by trickery
ie- sales scam, internet fraud, phishing & pharming |
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Open awareness
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aware of what is going on, when it is going on
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Closed awareness
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either not aware of what is happening, or when it is occuring, or both.
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Surreptitious Exploitation (card #2)
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-stealth
-co-presence or non co-presence -requires unfocused or inattentive victim -quickly performed -requires special resources >knowledge >skill >equipment >teamwork |
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Pickpocketing: The Players
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Tool
-person who is actually picking the pocket Stalls - manuever mark intolocation Tool prefers Driver - someone ready in car waiting for Tool to make getaway Boss & Road Manager -Backstage roles |
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5 Stages of Pickpocketing
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1)Selecting the Mark
- who has $$? 2)Fanning the Mark - stealthily finding location of wallet on Mark 3)Framing the Mark -using the Stall to manuever mark into location where Tool performs lift 4)Performing the Lift 5)Departure |
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Deviant Careers: 6 themes
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1)Entering Deviance
2)Training and Socialization 3)How does experience evolve over time? 4)Exiting Deviance 5)Post-Deviance 6)Deviant vs. Legit careers |
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Entering Deviance: 4 modes
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1) Defensively
2) Drift 3) Conscious decision 4) Sponsorship SEE NOTES 5/1 for DETAILS! |
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Legit vs. Deviant careers: Legit Career Path
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1)Entry level
-lowest pay; least job security; work your way up slowly; not ideal job 2)Career Climb -sometimes involves geographic relocation; making a little more $$ 3)Reaching Peak -Age somewhere in 40s, 50s; Making decent money, paid dues; Doing what you want, when you want; Have reputation, specialized skill, expertise, etc.; More satisfying, better earning 4)Coasting to Retirement -supports you at end:sense of security; no need to work extensively |
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Legit vs. Deviant careers: Deviant Career Path
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1)Rapid upward mobility
-no structure like legit; mostly entrepreneur work; more durable and reliable; more risks and more $$ 2)More Frequent Shifts -Lateral Shift: same scene, new activity or new scene, same activity -Vertical Shift: up or down; Entirely new scene -Add new activities (not necessarily giving up old deviance) -Short-term to Long-term 3)Earlier Decline -People peak earlier in deviance, which leads to a downward spiral -People become burnt-out -Longer you stay in, more arrests, more trouble -Risk-factors increase, multiply -Paranoia sets in with too many risks -Deviance is within the body, physical hustling, running, fighting, hauling, tricking, drugging, partying, etc. -Push-out factors 4)Wanting Out -wanting out and getting out are two separate things -Pull-out factors are family,friends,links to respectable social circles |
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5 Characteristics of "Loner" Deviants - Chap 29, Adler
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1)Formulating Deviant Ideology
2)Social Isolation 3)Practical problems 4)Normative Strain 5)Strain |
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Social Organization of Punk Scene - 4 stratifications
Chap 30, Fox |
1)Hardcore Punks
2)Softcore Punks 3)Preppie Punks 4)Spectators |
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3 Features of Gender, Gangs and Violence - Chap 31, Miller
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1)Gangs as Protection and Risk
2)Gender and Status 3)Devaluation and Victimization |
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4 Characteristics of Organized Crime
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1)The activities must be criminal
2)The criminal activities must be organized 3)They act for profit rather than a cause 4)Willingness to use violence |
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3 Characteristics of International Criminal Org's
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1)Global Scope of operations
2)Transnational links 3)A challenge to authority |
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6 Factors likely to aid growth of International Criminal Organization
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1)Economics of productions
2)International Ungovernability 3)Immigration streams 4)Border Porosity 5)Trends in technology 6)Relative Disorganization of Law Enforcement |
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8 criteria defining sexual asphyxia complex
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1)The act is solitary
2)There is evidence of sexual activity 3)There is no well-defined evidence of suicidal intent 4)The deceased is completely or partially unclothed 5)Transvestism may be present 6)There may be evidence of previous episodes 7)Often, extremities and/or genitals are bound 8)Erotic materials are often present |
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Predominant characteristics of sexual asphyxiates
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-male
-transvestism -unmarried -middle and upper-class -white -homosexual |
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6 features of Pimp-controlled prostitution
Chap 35, Williamson and Cluse-Tolar |
1)Rules of pimping game
2)Turning a woman out 3)Free enterprise and Choosing UP 4)Pimp and Prostitute relationships in the game 5)Pimp-related violence: Physical and Emotional control of women 6)Leaving Pimp-controlled prostitution |
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4 Stages of Stripping Confidence Game
Chap 36, Pasko |
1)Qualifying the mark
2)Cultivation of the mark 3)Con-ing the mark 4)Cooling out |
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4 aspects of the Social Control of Masculinity
Chap 37, Fraternities and Rape on campus, Martin & Hummer |
1)Valued qualities of members
2)The status and norms of pledgeship 3)Norms and dynamics of brotherhood 4)Practices of brotherhood |
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Practices of Brotherhood
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1)Loyalty, group protection and secrecy
2)Alcohol as a weapon 3)Violence and physical force 4)Competition and superiority |
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Fraternities commodification of women
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1)Women as bait
2)Women as servers 3)Women as sexual prey |
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Opportunity and Crime in Medical Professions:
The Protective Cloak |
1)Status
2)Altruism 3)Autonomy |
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Opportunity and Crime in Medical Professions:
Selected Medical Offenses |
1)Kickbacks
-fee spliting -self-referrals 2)Prescription violations 3)Unnecessary treatments 4)Sexual misconduct |
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Opportunity and Crime in the Medical Professions:
Medicaid Fraud and Abuse |
1)loopholes
2)legitimacy for fraud 3)medicaid mills |
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6 reasons for deciding to join a gang
Chap 39, Sanchez-Jankowski |
1)Material incentives
2)Recreation 3)A place of refuge 4)Physical protection 5)A time to resist 6)Commitment to community |
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3 modes of Organizational Recruitment
Chap 39, sanchez-Jankowski |
1)Fraternity
- promotes social aspects; ppl sign up and Gangs set up tasks for recruits to do to test them 2)Obligation - people feel an obligation to join a gang because of family, community etc... 3)Coercive - gangs need to bump up numbers quickly, so they very forcefully tell ppl they need to join gang |
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Typology of Gay Male Christian Couples:
Expectationally and Behaviorally exclusive: 3 reasons for sexual exclusivity |
1)Total commitment
2)Complete mutual satisfaction 3)Conventional Christian sexual ideals |
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Typology of Gay Male Christian Couples:
Expectationally exclusive and Behaviorally non-exclusive: 4 regulatory mechanisms |
1)Ground Rules
2)Concealment 3)Honesty 4)Preventing a fling from developing into an affair |
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Typology of Gay Male Christian Couples:
Expectationally and Behaviorally non-exclusive: 3 Sustaining factors |
1)Sexual variety and excitement
2)Absence of normative guidelines 3)Egalitarianism |
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Shifts ans Oscillations in Deviant Careers:
4 Shifts/Oscillations |
1)Aging in the career
-likely to want to get out as getting older 2)Phasing out - see next card 3)Re-entry -Comeback -Relapse 4)Career Shifts -Lateral -Horizontal -Straddling |
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Phasing out:
3 Factors Inhibiting leaving |
1)Hedonism and materialism
-pleasure seeking/material goods, $$ 2)Commitment to the occupation -its the only thing you know -all friends are also illegitimate -images of you are very tied to your current role 3)Difficulty finding another way to earn a living |
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Phasing out:
4 Patterns of Quitting |
1)One Last "Big Deal"
- Italian Job - never actually leave... its a cycle 2)Planned to change yet dont -like quitting smoking 3)Never replace trafficking with anything else - ppl do quit but dont replace source of income so they have to go back 4)Try to move into another line of work - some may try to move into legit business, but hard, so many go back to illegitimate work |
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Re-entry:
Comeback and Relapse |
1)Comeback
-comeback to legit world as forced withdrawl...ie-prison...but then eventually go back to illegitimate 2)Relapse -voluntary withdrawl, but cant make it legit so comes back to illegitimate |
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Career Shifts: 3 types
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1)Lateral
-switching jobs at same level of illegitimacy -ie "tool" to "stall" 2)Vertical -switching jobs at ranging levels of illegitimacy; heirarchy -ie drug dealing to drug trafficking 3)Straddling - straddling both worlds - legitimate, but still has contacts to illegit. world...like drug hookups |
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4 Stages of Exiting Child Molestation
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1)Becoming engulfed with fear
2)Regaining temporary control -Internal triggers -Internal feelings of guilt -External Triggers -can be a "close call" that scares them -Diverted Attention -distraction from sexual abuse that makes them stop for awhile -ie moving 3)Getting caught -Audience and Self-report -person commiting abuse is very likely to admit acts if confronted, to get load off shoulders -Victim Reports -most likely cause -telling mother, best friend, counselor etc... 4)Reacting to being discovered -Immediate Reaction Phase -relief/anxiety -Delayed Reaction Phase -hits rock bottom, becomes depressed, realizes what they lost, possibly suicidal |
