Developmental Psych

Front 1

What are the 2 parts of adaptation?

Back 1

assimilation- the tendency to interpret new experiences in terms of an existing scheme
accommodation- the tendency to modify familiar schemes in order to account for new dimensions of the object or event that are revealed through experience.

Front 2

What are the 4 stages of development according to Piaget hypothesis?

Back 2

sensorimotor intelligence
preoperational thought
concrete operational thought
formal operational thought

Front 3

egocentrism

Back 3

limitation in point of view

Front 4

what is apart of the Id?

Back 4

pleasure principle: people are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain
primary process thought: it is characterized by a lack of concern for the constraints of reality

Front 5

According to Piaget, what do organisms try to achieve

Back 5

equilibrium- a balance of organized structures, whether motor, sensory, or cognitive

Front 6

How is equilibrium achieved?

Back 6

adaptation- process fo gradually modifying existing schemes and operations in order to take into account changes or discrepancies between what is known and what is being experienced.

Front 7

sensorimotor intelligence

Back 7

begins at birth and last till 18 months. increasingly complex sensory and motor schemes that allow infants to organize and exercise some control over their environment.

Front 8

preoperational thought

Back 8

begins when child learns language and ends at 5 or 6. develop tools for representing schemes symbolically thorough language, imitation, imagery, symbolic play.

Front 9

formal operational thought

Back 9

begins adolescence to adulthood. thinking permits a person to conceptualize about many simultaneously interacting variables. creation of laws and rules and use problem solving.

Front 10

concrete operational thought

Back 10

begins 6 or 7 and till 11 or 12. appreciate the logical necessity of certain causal relationships. more successful at problem solving.

Front 11

What does Piaget mainly focus on in his study of development?

Back 11

cognitive

Front 12

What is metacognition?

Back 12

many strategies used to guide the way we organize and prepare ourselves to think more clearly and effectively

Front 13

What did Vygosky argue about development?

Back 13

development can be understood only within a social-historical framework.

Front 14

schedules of reinforcement

Back 14

the frequency and regularity with which reinforcements are given

Front 15

continuous reinforcement

Back 15

a new response is conditioned rapidly if reinforcement is given on every learning trial

Front 16

extinction

Back 16

if the reinforcement is removed for several trials, response performance deteriorates rapidly

Front 17

who worked on operant conditioning?

Back 17

B.F. Skinner

Front 18

operant conditioning

Back 18

the role of repetition and the consequences of behavior in learning.

Front 19

what are the 4 learning theories

Back 19

classical conditioning
operant conditioning
social learning theory
cognitive behaviorlism

Front 20

cultural theory

Back 20

the learned systems of meanings and patters of behaviors that are shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next

Front 21

the 2 cognitive developmental theorist

Back 21

piaget and vygotsky

Front 22

social learning theory

Back 22

social learning evolved from the awareness that much learning takes place as a result of observation and imitation of other people's behavior. (bandura and walters)