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7 Cards in this Set

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Definition of EBP
The conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of the current best evidence in making decisions about the care of the individual patient. It means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research.
Steps in EBP (5A1S)
ASSESS the patient, ASK the question, ACQUIRE the evidence, APPRAISE the evidence, APPLY: talk to the patient, Self-evaluate (w/ patient)
(w/ patient)
PICO
Patient problem,

Intervention,


Comparison,


Outcome

Study types in health science in decreasing order of strength
Meta-analysis/ systematic review,

randomized controlled trial,


quasi-experiment, //


cohort study,


case-control study,


cross-sectional survey,


case history

Efficacy vs. effectiveness study
efficacy= what is the ideal, optimal treatment; effectiveness= Ax of current practices
Meta-analytic techniques: Effect size
Difference in gains between two groups, difference in post-test scores between two groups.

Small/ medium/large:


r= 0.1, 0.3, 0.5;


d/g= 0.2, 0.5, 0.8;


ratio= 1.5, 2.5, 4.25

Meta-analytic techniques: Confidence interval
How accurate the effect size is in estimating effect size in wider population (can it be generalized). Narrow=higher accuracy.

Above 0 = significant at p=0.05 level in favour of Tx,


Below 0= significant at p=0.05 level not in favour of Tx,


Crosses 0= non-significant