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193 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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COMPLETE ABSENCE OF AN ORGAN PRIMORDIUM
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1. AGENESIS
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ABSENCE OF ORGAN BUT PERSISTENCE OF ORGAN RUDIMENT
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1. APLASIA
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INCOMPLETE FORMATION OF A LUMEN
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1. ATRESIA
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SHORT HEAD
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1. BRACHYCEPHALY
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DEFECTS RELATED TO SINGLE ANOMALY OR MECHANISM
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1. DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCE
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MULTIPLE ANOMALIES WHICH ARE PATHOGENETICALLY RELATED
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1. DEVELOPMENTAL SYNDROME
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ANOMALIES WHICH ARE STATISTICALLY ASSOCIATED BUT DO NOT NECESSARILY SHARE THE SAME. THEY MAY PROVE SOME DAY TO HAVE A COMMON CAUSE
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1. DEVELOPMENTAL ASSOCIATION OR SYNTROPY
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LONG HEAD
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1. DOLICHOCELPHALY
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CAUSED BY FAILURE OF APPOSED STRUCTURES TO FUSE (CLEFT PALATE)
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1. DYSRAPHIIC ANOMALIES
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ABNORMAL ORGANIZATION OF CELLS INTO TISSUES, ABNORMAL HISTOGENESIS. IT HAS A DIFFERENT MEANING W/ RESPECT TO PREMALIGNANT CHANGES
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1. DYSPLASIA
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RETENTION OF ORGAN AT SITE WHERE IT WAS INITIALLY IN DEVELOPMENT
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DYSTOPIA
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ORGAN OUTSIDE ITS NORMAL SITE
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1. ECTOPIA OR HETEROTOPIA
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ROUNDED PROTUBERANT FOREHEAD
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1. FRONTAL BOSSING
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BULGING EYE
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1. EXOPHTHALMOS
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FAILURE OF FOREBRAIN TO DIVIDED PROPERLY INTO HEMISPHERES
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1. HOLOPROSENCEPHALY
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EXCESSIVE ACCUMULATION OF FLUID IN THE VENTRICLES OF THE CNS, WHICH DILATES THEM AND MAY CAUSE EXPANSION OF THE SKULL BY WIDENING OF THE CRANIAL SUTURES
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1. HYDROCEPHALY
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WIDELY-SPACED EYES
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1. HYPERTELORISM
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REDUCED SIZE DUE TO INCOMPLETE DEVELOPMENT(MICROCEPHALY)
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1. HYPOPLASIA
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CLOSELY-SET EYES
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1. HYPOTELORISM
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PERSISTENCE OF FETAL OR EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES (THYROGLOSSAL DUCT)
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1. INVOLUTION FAILURE
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SMALL HEAD
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1. MICROCEPHALY
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VERY SMALL EYE
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1. MICROPHTHALMOS
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LACK OF PARALLELISM OF THE EYES (CROSS-EYE)
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1. STRABISMUS
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FUSED DIGITS
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1. SYNDACTYLY
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NAME THE MULTIFACTORIAL THRESHOLD HYPOTHESIS FOR CLEFT LIP AND CLEFT PALATE
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1. MANY GENES INTERACTION W/ THE ENVIRONMENT
2. MOST CLEFTS ARE ISOLATED ANOMALIES 3. OFTEN OTHER ANOMALIES OF TOOTH NUMBER, SIZE, SHAPE, CALCIFICATION, ERUPTION 4. 250+ SYNDROME W/ CL/CP OR CP ALONE 5. MANAGED BY CLEFT PALATE TEAM |
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CHARACTERISTICS OF CLEFT LIP +/ - CLEFT PALATE
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1. CAN OCCUR ALONE OR TOGETHER
2. CL+/- CP MALE > FEMALE 3. CP ALONE FEMALE > MALE 4. CAN BE UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL |
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CLEFT LIP AND CLEFT PALATE ARE WHAT %
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1. 50%
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CHARACTERISTICS OF CLEFT LIP +/ - CLEFT PALATE
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1. CAN OCCUR ALONE OR TOGETHER
2. CL+/- CP MALE > FEMALE 3. CP ALONE FEMALE > MALE 4. CAN BE UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL |
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% OF CL ALONE ARE
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1. 25%
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CLEFT LIP AND CLEFT PALATE ARE WHAT %
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1. 50%
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% OF CP ALONE
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1. 25%
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% OF CL ALONE ARE
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1. 25%
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OCCURS IN WEEKS 6 OR 7 IN UTERO
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1. CLEFT LIP +/- CLEFT PALATE
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% OF CP ALONE
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1. 25%
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OCCURS IN WEEKS 6 OR 7 IN UTERO
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1. CLEFT LIP +/- CLEFT PALATE
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FAILURE OF FUSION OF MEDIAL NASAL AND MAXILLARY PROCESS AND 40% ARE GENETIC W/ 5% ARE IN SYNDROME
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1. CL +/- CP
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55% ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENT THAT CAUSE CL/CP
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1. STEROIDS
2. SYPHILIS 3. VITAMIN A EXCESS OR DEFICIENCY |
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CP IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. 80% UNILATERAL, USUALLY ON LEFT
2. COMPLETE OR INCOMPLETE, DEPENDING ON WHETHER IT EXTENDS INTO NASAL FLOOR |
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1:1000 CLEFT LIP +/- CP ASSOCIATED W/
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1. MALE>FEMALE
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STATE THE WIDE RACIAL VARIATION OF CLEFT LIP +/- CLEFT PALATE
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1. NATIVE AMERICAN>
2. ASIANS> 3. EUROPEANS> 4. AFRICANS |
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VEAU CLASSIFICATION THAT IS UNILATERAL AND AFFECT ONLY VERMILION
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1. CLASS 1
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VEAU CLASSIFICATION OF CL +/- CP THAT IS UNILATERAL AND OCCUR IN NOSE
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1. CLASS II
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VEAU CLASSIFICATION OF CL+/ -CP THAT IS UNILATERAL, PAST VERMILION AND NOT INTO NOSE
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1. CLASS III
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CLASS VI OF VEAU CLASSIFICATION ASSOCIATED W/ CL/CP
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1. ANY BILATERAL CLEFT OF LIP
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OCCURS AT 8TH WEEKS IN UTERO AND LACK FUSION OF PALATAL SHELVES
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1. CLEFT PALATE W/O CLEFT LIP
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% OF CLEFT PALATE W/O CLEFT LIP THAT IS PRIMARILY GENETIC
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1. 20%
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ENIVRONMENTAL FACTORS THAT CAUSES CP INCLUDES
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1. STEROIDS
2. VITAMIN A EXCESS OF DEFICIENCY 3. MACROGLOSSIA (LARGE TONGUE) |
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CLEFT PALATE IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. 1:2500 FEMALE > MALE
2. RANGE OF SEVERITY 3. CLEFT UVULA QUITE COMMON |
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RACIAL VARIATION OF CLEFT PALATE
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1. 1:10 ASIANS OR NATIVE NORTH AMERICAN
2. 1:80 EUROPEANS 3. 1:250 AFRICANS |
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VEAU CLASSIFICATION OF CLEFT PALATE(CP) THAT IS LIMITED TO SOFT PALATE
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1. CLASS I
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VEAU CLASSIFICATION OF CP THAT CONTAIN HARD AND SOFT PALATE DEFECT STOPPING AT INCISIVE FORAMEN
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1. CLASS II
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VEAU CLASSIFICATION OF CP THAT OCCUR FROM UVULA TO INCISIVE FORAMEN, THEN TO ALVEOLUS ON 1 SIDE OF PREMAXILLA
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1. CLASS III
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VEAU CLASSIFICATION OF CP THAT IS COMPLETE BILATERAL CLEFT OF HARD, SOFT PALATE AND BOTH SIDES OF PREMAXILLA
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1. CLASS IV
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A MINIMAL MANIFESTATION OF CLEFT PALATE
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1. BIFID UVULA
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PRIMARY DEFECTS OF PIERRE ROBIN SEQUENCE
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1. SMALL MANDIBLE (Md)
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PIERRE ROBIN SEQUENCE IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. PREVENTS TONGUE FROM DESCENDING
2. GLOSSOPTOSIS (RETRACTION OF TONGUE) 3. HIGH OR CLEFT PALATE 4. BIRD-LIKE FACE |
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W/ PIERRE ROBIN SEQUENCE WHAT OCCUR IN FIRST WEEKS OF LIFE OFTEN RESULT IN BIG IMPROVEMENT
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1. MANDIBLE GROWTH
2. MUSCLE DEVELOPMENT |
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WHEN DOES THE HYPOPLASTIC MANDIBLE OF PIERRE ROBIN SEQUENCE OCCUR
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1. 7-11 WEEKS OF GESTATION
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PIERRE ROBIN SEQUENCE CAN CAUSE THESE PROBLEMS IN ORAL CAVITY
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1. DISPLACES TONGUE ABNORMALLY(POSTERIOR AND HIGH IN ORAL CAVITY)
2. INTERFERENCE W/ PALATAL FUSION, GIVE U SHAPED CP 3. NARROW AIRWAY CAUSE AIRWAY COMPROMISE |
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A MANDIBULAR BONE LENGTHENING CAN ALSO BE CALLED
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1. DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS
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PROCEDURE OF DISTRACTION OSTEOGENESIS
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1. GRADUALLY LENGTHEN OF SPACE B/W TWO CUT ENDS SO NEW BONE FORMED TO FILL IN THE GAP
2. SMALL INCISION IN SKIN FOR PIN PLACEMENT, DISTRACTION OF EXPANSION ROD IS CONNECTED TO THE PINS ON THE OUTSIDE OF CHILD'S JAW 3. AREA ALLOWED TO HEAL FOR ABOUT ONE WEEK BEFORE TURNING OR LENGTHENING BEGUN 4. PIN TURNING LAST ABOUT 3-4 WEEKS OR UNTIL DESIRED LENGHT IS ACHIEVED, APPLIANCE REMAIN IN PLACE FOR ADDITION 6-8 WEEKS 5. REMOVED IN THE OPERATING ROOM UNDER SEDATION |
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COMMISSURAL LIP PITS IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. BLIND PITS, USUALLY BILATERAL
2. LOCATED AT COMMISSURES 3. AUTOSOMAL DORMINANT HEREDITY 4. OCCASIONALLY ASSOCIATED W/ PREAURICULAR PITS |
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DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECT ASSOCIATED W/ VERMILION BORDER OF EITHER LIP
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1. CONGENITAL LIP PITS OR PARAMEDIAN LIP PITS
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VERMILION BORDER OF CONGENITAL LIP PIT IS USUALLY
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1. LOWER>UPPER LIP
2. UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL |
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A VERY STRONG ASSOCIATION B/W CONGENITAL LIP PIT AND CL +/- CP IS
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1. VAN DER WOUDE SYNDROME
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A FOLD OF EXCESS TISSUE ON INNER MUCOSA IN WHICH UPPER>LOWER
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1. DOUBLE LIP
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DOUBLE LIP ASSOCIATED W/
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1. ASCHER SYNDROME
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CHARACTERISTICS OF ASCHER SYNDROME
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1. ACQUIRED DOUBLE LIP +
2. NONTOXIC THYROID GOITER 3. BLEPHAROCHALASIS (BIG DROOPY EYELIDS) |
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A DEVELOPMENT DEFECT MORE PRONINENT IN ADULTS, OCCUR IN 80% OF POPULATION=NORMAL CONDITION
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1. FORDYCE GRANULES
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SMALL YELLOW SPOTS/PLAQUES THAT IS JUST NORMAL SEBACEOUS GLANDS
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1. FORDYCE GRANULES
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FORDYCE GRANULES OCCUR IN
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1. POSTERIOR BUCCAL MUCOSA
2. VERMILION OF UPPER LIP |
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A MILKY OPALESCENCE BILATERALLY ON THE BUCCAL MUCOSA THAT IS PROBABLY A VARIATION OF NORMAL AND OCCUR IN 90% OF ADULTS OF AFRICAN GENETIC HERITAGE AND LESS COMMON IN OTHER RACE
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1. LEUKOEDEMA
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HOW DOES LEUKOEDEMA DISAPPEARS
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1. WHEN THE TISSUES ARE STRETCHED
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A SMALL OR RUDIMENTARY TONGUE
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1. MICROGLOSSIA
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IF A TONGUE IS TOTALLY ABSENT IT IS CALLED
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1. AGLOSSIA
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A MORE COMMON DEVELOPMENT DEFECT THAT INCLUDE LARGE TONGUE
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1. MACROGLOSSIA
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CONGENITAL MACROGLOSSIA IS ASSOCIATED W/S
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1. HEMIHYPERPLASIA
2. TRISOMY 21 |
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ACDQUIRED MACROGLOSSIA IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. TUMOR
2. AMYLOID 3. BLOCKED LYMPHATIC 4. ACROMEGALY |
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A DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECT THAT CAUSES FUSION B/W TONGUE AND FLOOR OF MOUTH. ALSO CALLED TONGUE TIED
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1. ANKYLOGLOSSIA
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CHARACTERISTICS OF ANKYLOGLOSSIA
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1. USUALLY JUST A SHORT FRENUM
2. EASY TO CORRECT 3. IF NOT FIXED CAN LEAD TO SPEECH PROBLEMS |
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A DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECT THAT CONTAIN MANY FURROWS WHICH MAY TRAP DEBRIS, INCREASED W/ AGE AND ALSO CALLED SCROTAL OR PLICATED TONGUE
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1. FISSURED TONGUE
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FISSURED TONGUE IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE
2. MELKERSON ROSENTHAL SYNDROME |
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A DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECT THAT IS VERY COMMON AND MAYBE CAUSED BY TRAUMA
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1. BIFID TONGUE
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A DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECT MORE COMMON IN SMOKERS AND FILIFORM PAPILLA STAINED BY BACTERIA
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1. HAIRY TONGUE
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HAIRY TONGUE CAN GO AWAY BY
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1. IMPROVE HYGIENE
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DIFFERENT TYPES OF HAIRY TONGUE
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1. BLACK HAIRY TONGUE
2. GREEN 3. REFLECTS ALTERATIONS IN FLORA |
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AN ENLARGED AND TORTUROUS VEIN, CAUSED BY INCREASED INTRALUMINAL PRESSURE
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1. VARICOSE VEIN OR VARICOSITY, VARIX
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COMMON SITES FOR VARICOSE VEIN
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1. LEGS
2. ESOPHAGUS 3. ANORECTAL JUNCTION 4. ORAL: LATERAL TONGUE, LIPS |
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A COMMON VASCULAR ANOMALY THAT IS PULSATILE AND CONTAIN THE MAIN ARTERIAL BRANCH NEAR SURFACE, AVE AGE 58 MALE=FEMALE
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1. CALIBER-PERSISTENT LABIAL ARTERY
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A RARE HOLES THROUGH THE SOFT PALATE, CAN DEVELOP AFTER INFECTION OR SURGERY IN THIS AREA OF VERY THIN TISSUE
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1. LATERAL SOFT PALATE FISTULA
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CAN BE DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECT OF SECOND PHARYNGEAL POUCH AND REQUIRE NO TREATMENT
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1. LATERAL SOFT PALATAL FISTULA
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A LOCALIZED BONY PROTUBERANCES FROM THE CORTICAL PLATE
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1. EXOSTOSES
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LOCATIONS OF EXOSTOSES
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1. BUCCAL
2. PALATAL 3. SUBPONTINE |
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A EXOSTOSES THAT IS USUALLY ASYMPTOMATIC AND DON'T NEED TREATMENT UNLESS OVERLYING TISSUE BREAKS DOWN OR THEY GET IN THE WAY OF PROSTHESES.1:1000 PEOPLE
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1. BUCCAL EXOSTOSES
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A EXOSTOSES SIMILAR TO BUCCAL EXOSTOSES BUT DEVELOP ON LINGUAL SIDE OF MAXILLARY TUBEROSITY. IT'S USUALLY UNILATERAL AND NOT THE SAME AS PALATAL TORI
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1. PALATAL EXOSTOSES
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A REACTIVE BONE MAY DEVELOP UNDER THE PONTIC OF A BRIDGE
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1. REACTIVE SUBPONTINE EXOSTOSIS
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A COMMON EXOSTOSES THAT ARE PROBABLY OF DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGIN. LOCATED ON PALATAL AND MANDIBULAR
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1. TORUS(SINGULAR)
2. TORI (PLEURA) |
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A BONY HARD MASS ALONG MIDLINE SUTURE OF THE PALATAL,CAN BE FLAT, SPINDLED, NODULAR, LOBULAR BUT CLASSIFICATION IS OF NO CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
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1. PALATAL TORUS
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A TORUS, MORE COMMON IN WOMEN AND PALATAL. APPEARS IN EARLY ADULT LIFE OR SOMETIME GO AWAY LATER IN LIFE BY DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS.APPEARANCE AND DISAPPEARANCE
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1. PALATAL TORUS
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A TORI THAT ARE USUALLY BILATERAL, MAY BE MULTIPLE LOBULES AND PEAKS IN EARLY ADULTHOOD, TAPERS LATER LIKE PALATAL TORUS
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1. MANDIBULAR TORI
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MANDIBULAR TORI CAN BE LOCATED ON
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1. LINGUAL OF MANDIBLE ABOVE MYLOHYOID LINE IN THE REGION OF THE PREMOLARS
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A STYLOID PROCESS LIES ADJACENT TO THE CAROTID ARTERY, IF ELONGATED OR CALCIFIED IT'S OFTEN ASYMPTOMATIC BUT OCCASIONALLY CAUSE SYMPTOMS
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1. EAGLE SYNDROME
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EAGLE SYNDROME CLASSICALLY OCCUR AFTER
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1. TONSILLECTOMY
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CLINICAL FEATURES OF EAGLE SYNDROME
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1. VAGUE PAIN WHEN SWALLOWING OR MOVING HEAD
2. SOMETIME TROUBLE SWALLOWING, SPEAKING 3. DIZZY WHEN TURNING HEAD |
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STAFNE DEFECT IS SYNONYMS W/
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1. STAFNE BONE CYST
2. LINGUAL MANDIBULAR SALIVARY GLAND DEPRESSION 3. LATENT BONE CYST 4. STATIC BONE CYST 5. STATIC BONE DEFECT 6. LINGUAL MANDIBULAR CORTICAL DEFECT |
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AN ASYMPTOMATIC RADIOLUNCENCY BELOW THE MANDIBULAR CANAL IN THE POSTERIOR MANDIBLE B/W MOLARS AND ANGLE. USUALLY CONTAIN NORMAL SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND TISSUE
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1. STAFNE DEFECT
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STAFNE'S DEFECT IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. WELL CIRCUMSCRIBED SCLEROTIC BORDER
2. USUALLY UNILATERAL 3. CAN BE MORE ANTERIOR BUT RARELY 4.USUALLY STABLE IN SIZE BUT CAN DEVELOP OR DISAPPEAR IN MIDDLE AGE 5. USUALLY DIAGNOSE FROM X-RAY AND NEED NO FURTHER INVESTIGATION |
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PALATAL CYST OF THE NEWBORN ARE
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1. EPSTEIN'S PEARLS
2. BOHN'S NODULES 3. |
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A PALATAL CYST ALONG MEDIAN PALATAL RAPHE
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1. EPSTEIN'S PEARL
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A PALATAL CYST SCATTERED OVER HARD PALATE
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1. BOHN'S NODULES
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PALATAL CYST OF NEWBORN IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. PROBABLY BETTER TO USE UMBRELLA TERM
2. NOT=DENTAL LAMINA CYST OF NEWBORN 3. REQUIRE NO TREATMENT |
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A DEVELOPMENTAL DEFECT THAT AFFECT ALL SOFT TISSUES, OCCASIONALLY BILATERAL, NO PAIN AND SHOULD NOT RECUR
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1. NASOLABIAL CYST
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DEFECT THAT OCCUR IN NASOLABIAL FOLD AREA, OCCUR W/ MIDDLE AGE FEMALE> MALE
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1. NASOLABIAL CYST
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A DEFECT THAT ARISES FROM REMANANTS OF NASOPALATINE DUCT ALSO HAVE A CLASSICALLY HEART SHAPED R/L AT APICES OF MAX ANTERIOR
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1. NASOPALATINE DUCT CYST
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ANOTHER NAME FOR NASOPALATINE DUCT CYST THAT AFFECT 1% OF POPULATION, CURE BY SURGICAL REMOVAL
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1. INCISIVE CANAL CYST
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SKIN CYST IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. EPIDERMOID (SEBACEOUS)
2. PILAR (TRICHILEMMAL) 3. DERMOID 4. 3RD MOST COMMON 5. MANY DIFFERENT TYPES |
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MOST COMMON SKIN CYST LINED W/ SIMPLE EPITHELIUM, OFTEN IN HEAD AND NECK AND CAN BE MISTAKENLY REFERRED TO AS SEBACEOUS
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1. EPIDERMOID CYST
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A SKIN CYST WHICH SCALP IS MOST COMMON SITE AND ALSO DERIVED FROM ROOT SHEATH OF HAIR FOLLICLE. AFFECT 10% POP
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1. PILAR CYST
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A CYST THAT CAN BE SOMETIME LOCALLY AGGRESSIVE BUT BENIGN
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1. PILAR CYST
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A BENIGN CYST ASSOCIATED W/ TERATOMA, MIDLINE, UPPER NECK, ANTERIOR FOM, YOUNG ADULTS, DOUGHY CONSISTENCY, NOT VISIBLE ON X-RAY AND HAVE A DERMAL APPENDAGES IN WALL
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1. DERMOID CYST
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A DEFECT WHICH THE THYROID GLAND GET LEFT BEHIND, NOT USING IT NORMAL ROUTE: FROM FORAMEN CECUM ALONG THYROGLOSSAL
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1. ABERRANT THYROID
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A RED/ BROWN NODULE ON POSTERIOR DORSUM OF TONGUE, IT MAY REPRESENT PATIENT'S ONLY THYROID TISSUE
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1. LINGUAL THYROID NODULE
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#1 DEVELOPMENTAL CYST OF THE NECK AND AFFECT KIDS, YOUNG ADULTS
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. THROGLOSSAL TRACT CYST
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A DEFECT THAT ARE MOSTLY IN HYOID REGION AND MAY BE SHIFTED TO ONE SIDE OF MIDLINE
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1. THYROGLOSSAL TRACT CYST
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A DEFECT RARELY ON TONGUE THAT RECUR
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1. THYROGLOSSAL TRACT CYST
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A DEFECT THAT CAUSE EPITHELIUM TO TRAPPED INSIDE LYMPHOID TISSUE. CYST SURROUNDED BY LYMPHOCYTES OR LYMPH NODE
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1. LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
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LOCATION OF LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
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1. CERVICAL_BRANCHIAL CLEFT CYST
2. ORAL |
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ANOTHER NAME FOR CERVICAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
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1. BRANCHIAL CLEFT CYST
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CERVICAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. LATERAL NECK OF YOUNG ADULTS
2. DOUGHY CONSISTENCY 3. FULL OF MUCOID MATERIAL 4. SHOULD NOT RECUR |
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DISEASES ASSOCIATED W/ CERVICAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
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1. HODGKINS
2. LIPOMA 3. CAT SCRATCH DISEASE 4. TUMOR 5. METASTASIS |
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ANOTHER NAME FOR ORAL LYMPOEPITHELIAL CYST
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1. BENIGN LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
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CHARACTERISTICS OF ORAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST
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1. ANTERIOR FOM (FLOOR OF MOUTH)
2. LINGUAL FRENUM AREA 3. ENLARGES DURING ILLNESS 4. SHINKS W/ AGE 5. PAINLESS, ASYMPTOMATIC 6. YELLOWISH < 1 CM 7. NOT EXPECTED TO RECUR |
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A UNKNOWN CAUSE DEFECT THAT IS BILATERAL MUCH MORE COMMON THAN UNILATERAL, ENLARGEMENT OF CORONOID PROCESS AND MALE 5X THAN FEMALE OFTEN IN PUBERTY
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1. CORONOID HYPERPLASIA
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ENLARGEMENT OF CORONOID PROCESS, CAUSE IS UNKNOWN W/ BILATERAL MUCH MORE COMMON THAN UNILATERAL. MALE 5X AS FEMALE AT PUBERTY
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1. CORONOID HYPERPLASIA
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CHARATERISTICS OF UNILATERAL CORONOID HYPERPLASIA
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1. CORONOID PROCESS IMPINGES ON POSTERIOR OF ZYGOMA
2. RESTRICTS MOVEMENT OF MANDIBLE |
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CHARACTERISTICS OF BILATERAL CORONOID HYPERPLASIA
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1. BOTH CORONOID PROCESSES ARE ENLARGED
2. NO DEVIATION 3. PROGRESSIVELY MORE DIFFICULT TO OPEN MOUTH |
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A DOUBLE HEADED MANDIBULAR CONDYLE OF UNKNOW CAUSE
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1. BIFID CONDYLE
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BIFID CONDYLE ARE USUALLY
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1. UNILATERAL
2. ASYMPTOMATIC AND NO TREATMENT NEEDED |
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AN UNCOMMON MALFORMATION CAUSED BY EXCESSIVE GROWTH OF A CONDYLE OF UNKNOWN CAUSE
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1. CONDYLAR HYPERPLASIA
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HOW IS CONDYLAR HYPERPLASIA DISTINGUISH FROM HEMIFACIAL HYPERPLASIA
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1. ENTIRE FACE IS ENLARGE ON ONE SIDE NOT JUST THE CONDYLE
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CHARACTERISTIC OF CONDYLAR HYPERPLASIA
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1. SELF-LIMITING AND TREATED SURGICALLY USUALLY
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FACIAL HEMIHYPERPLASIA AFFECTS ALL STRUCTURES IN AREA ASSOCIATED W/
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1. TEETH
2. TASTE BUDS 3. TONGUE 4. SKIN 5. CEREBRUM 6. ABNORMAL TOOTH SHAPE 7. MALOCCLUSION |
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FACIAL HEMIHYPERPLASIA IS CHARACTERISTIC OF
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1. INCREASE IN CELL NUMBER (NOT CELL SIZE)
2. SIMPLE, SEGMENTAL OR COMPLEX 3. FEMALE >MALE |
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BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN SYNDROME IS KNOWN AS
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1. FACIAL HEMIHYPERPLASIA
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CHARACTERISTIC OF BECKWITH WIEDEMANN SYNDROME
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1. MUTATION ON CHROMOSOME 11
2. INSULIN LIKE GROWTH FACTOR II 3. VISCEROMEGALY |
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CELLULAR HYPERPLASIA OF BECKWITH WIEDEMANN SYNDROME IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. PANCREATIC
2. RELATIVE HYPERINSULINEMIA NEONATAL HYPO GLYCEMIA 3. MICROCEPHALY AND RETARDED BRAIN DEVELOPMENT MAY OCCUR INDEPENDENT OF HYPOGLYCEMIA |
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BECKWITH WIEDEMANN SYNDROME IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. GIGANTISM
2. OMPTHALOCOELE (PROTRUDING BELLYBUTTON) 3 INCREASED TENDENCY TO DEVELOP PRIMITIVE MALIGNANCIES OF CHILDHOOD |
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PRIMITIVE MALGNANCIES OF CHILDHOOD ASSOCIATED W/ BECKWITH MALGNANCIES
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1. WILM'S TUMOR OF KIDNEY
2. ADRENAL CORTEX CARCINOMA 3. HEPATOBLASTOMA |
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ORAL FEATURES OF FACIAL HEMIHYPERPLASIA
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1. HEMIFACIAL HYPERPLASIA
2. MACROGLOSSIA 3. SMALL MAXILLA |
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CONGENITAL CONDYLAR HYPOPLASIA IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. MANDIBULOFACIAL DYSOSTOSIS
2. GOLDENHAR 3. HEMIFACIAL MICROSOMIA 4. OFTEN PART OF OTHER SYNDROME |
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ACQUIRED CONDYLAR HYPOPLASIA IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. DISTURBANCE TO CONDYLAR GROWTH CENTER
2. INJURY 3. INFECTION 4. ARTHRITIS 5. IRRADIATION(MOST COMMON CAUSED) |
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ANOTHER NAME FOR FACIAL HEMIATROPHY
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1. PARRY ROMBERG SYNDROME
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CHARACTERISTICS OF FACIAL HEMIATROPHY
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1. RARE PROGRESSIVE DISORDER
2. F>M USUALLY < 20 YRS OF AGE 3. ATROPHY SPREADS ON ONE SIDE OF FACE 4. MAY TAKE MANY YEARS TO RECEIVE A DIAGNOSIS 5. NO KNOWN TREATMENT |
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REASONS ATROPHY SPREADS ON ONE SIDE OF FACE
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1. TOOTH DEVELOPMENT ARRESTED
2. ERUPTION RETARDED 3. SEVERE HEADACHES 4. TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA 5. EPILEPSY |
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AN AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT DISORDER W/ BILATERAL MALFORMATIONS OF 1ST AND 2ND BRANCHIAL ARCHES
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1. TREACHER-COLLINS SYNDROME
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STRUCTURES TREACHER-COLLINS SYNDROME ASSOCIATED W/
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1. JAW
2. ZYGOMAS 3. EARS 4. UNUSUAL HAIRLINES |
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CHARACTERISTICS OF JAW AFFECTED BY TREACHER-COLLINS SYNDROME
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1. RETROGNATHIA
2. UNDERDEVELOPED AND/OR MISALIGNED CHIN MAY ALSO BE UNDERDEVELOPED 3. MANDIBLE IS GENERALLY SHORT W/ STEEP GONIAL ANGLE |
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CHARATERISTICS OF ZYGOMAS AFFECTED BY TREACHER-COLLINS SYNDROME (TCS)
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1. CAN BE ABSENT
2. UNDERDEVELOPED OR MALFORMED |
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CHARACTERISTICS OF EARS AFFECTED BY TREACHER-COLLINS SYNDROME
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1. HYPOPLASTIC AND MALFORMED , LOW-SLUNG
2. MAY BE DEAF |
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HYPOPLASTIC AND MALFORMED, LOW SLUNG TREACHER-COLLINS SYNDROME OF EARS CAN BE
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1. ABSENT
2. UNDERDEVELOPED OR MALFORMED (MICROTIA) |
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TREACHER-COLLINS SYNDROME OF EARS ASSOCIATED W/ DEAF
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1. HEARING LOSS VARIES GREATLY IN SEVERITY BUT IS USUALLY CONDUCTIVE
2. THOSE BORN W/O ANY EXTERNAL EARS MAY BE ABLE TO HEAR W/ THE USE OF BONE CONDUCTION HEARING AIDS |
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TREACHER-COLLINS SYNDROME ASSOCIATED W/
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1. MACROSTOMIA
2. HIGH, SOMETIMES CLEFT PALATE 3. HYPOPLASTIC SINUSES 4. PAROTID MAY BE ABSENT |
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IN TREACHER-COLLINS SYNDROME (EYES) SLANTING PALPEBRAL FISSURES, DOWNWARD SLANTING OF EYELIDS DUE TO LACK OF SUPPORT FROM
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1. ZYGOMAS
2. MASSETERS |
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GENES OF TREACHER-COLLINS SYNDROME MAPPED ON CHROMOSOME #5
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1. TREACLE
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A UNILATERAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER OF THE MAXILLA
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1. SEGMENTAL ODONTOMAXILLARY DYSPLASIA
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SEGMENTAL ODONTOMAXILLARY DYSPLASIA (SOD) INVOLVED
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1. ABNORMAL GROWTH AND MATURATION OF THE BONE
2. LACK OF ONE OR BOTH PREMOLAR 3. ALTERED PRIMARY MOLAR STRUCTURE 4. DELAYED TOOTH ERUPTION 5. FIBROUS HYPERPLASIA OF THE GINGIVA |
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CHARACTERISTICS OF SOD
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1. ETIOLOGY UNKNOWN
2. VASCULAR THEORY FOR ORIGIN OF REGIONAL ODONTODYSPLASIA 3. DOES NOT APPEAR TO BE INHERITED 4. NON PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER |
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ACROCEPHALOSYNDACTYLY IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. HIGH NARROW SKULL- ACROCEPHALY
2. FUSION OF DIGITS- SYNDACTYLY (+3 DISEASES) 3. MUTATED FIBROBLAST GROWTH RECEPTOR 4. PREMATURE CRANIAL SUTURE CLOSURE (CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS) |
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CHILDERN W/ ACROCEPHALOSYNDACTYLY HAVE
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1. FUSION OF THE SUTURES OR BONE IN CRANIAL BASE
2. MIDFACE 3. SHALLOW EYE SOCKETS 4. FLAT MIDFACE 5 EYES PROTRUDE |
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SKULL SHAPE IN VARIOUS FORMS OF CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS
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1. SAGITTAL SYNOSTOSIS
2. METOPIC SYNOSTOSIS 3. UNILATERAL CORONAL SYNOSTOSIS 4. BILATERAL CORONAL SYNOSTOSIS |
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WHAT HAPPENED WHEN I OR MORE SUTURES FUSE PREMATURELY,
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1. SKULL GROWTH CAN BE RESTRICTED PERPENDICULAR TO THE SUTURE
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WHAT HAPPENED IF MULTIPLE SUTURES FUSE WHILE THE BRAIN IS STILL INCREASING IN SIZE
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1. INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE CAN INCREASE
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SCAPHOCEPHALY IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. EARLY FUSION OF THE SAGITTAL SUTURE
2. DERIVED FROM THE GREEK WORDS SCAPHOS-MEANING BOAT KEPHALI MEANING HEAD |
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PLAGIOCEPHALY IS ASSOCIATED W/
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1. DERIVED FROM GREEK WORD PLAGIOS MEANING-OBLIQUE OR SLOPING
2. ANTERIOR 3. POSTERIOR |
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EARLY FUSION OF 1 CORONAL SUTURE
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1. ANTERIOR PLAGIOCEPHALY
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EARLY CLOSURE OF 1 LAMBDOID SUTURE
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1. POSTERIOR PLAGIOCEPHALY
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EARLY FUSION OF THE METOPIC SUTURE
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1. TRIGONOCEPHALY
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DEFECT DERIVED FROM THE GREEK WORD TRIGONOS MEANING TRIANGULAR
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1. TRIGONOCEPHALY
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A DEFECT WHICH THE HEAD IS FLATTENED IN THE BACK AND ASSOCIATED W/ PREMATURE CORONAL SUTURE FUSION
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1. BRACHYCEPHALY
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DEFECT DERIVED FROM THE GREEK WORD BRACHYS MEANING SHORT
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1. BRACHYCEPHALY
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A DEFECT DERIVED FROM THE GREEK WORD OXYS MEANING SHARP AND IS A HIGH, CONICAL HEAD W/ SHARP BOSSING IN THE REGION OF THE ANTERIOR FONTANELLE
|
1. OXYCEPHALY
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A DEFECT DERIVED FROM THE LATIN WORD TURRIS, MEANING TALL AND IS A ROUND HEAD LIKE A TOWER
|
1. TURRICEPHALY
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MULTIPLE SUTURE SYNOSTOSIS CHARACTERIZED BY A HEAD SHAPED LIKE A CLOVERLEAF OR TREFOIL
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1. CLOVERLEAF SKULL DEFORMITY
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A TRILOBULAR HEAD W/ PRONOUNCED CONSTRICTIONS IN BOTH SYLVIAN FISSURES AND BULGING TEMPORAL REGIONS
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1. CLOVERLEAF SKULL DEFORMITY
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TYPES OF ACROCEPHALOSYNDACTYLY
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1. CROUZON
2. APERT 3. PFEIFFER |
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CROUZON SYNDROME CHARATERIZED BY
|
1. CRONIOSYNOSTOSIS
2. MIDFACE HYPOPLASIA 3. HANDS LOOK NORMAL 4. 1 IN 25,000 BIRTHS 5. AD OR FRESH MUTATION |
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MIDFACE OF CROUZON SYNDROME ASSOCIATED W/
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1. CAN HAVE CP, PSEUDO CLASS III
2. SHALLOW ORBITS 3. HYPERTELORISM 4. HEARING LOSS |
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A SYNDROME WHICH SEVERITY RANGES FROM MILD W/ SUBTLE MIDFACE CHARACTERISTICS TO SEVERE W/ MULTIPLE CRANIAL SUTURES FUSED AND MARKED MIDFACE AND EYE PROBLEM
|
1. CROUZON SYNDROME
|
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CROUZON SYNDROME TREATMENT CAN BE
|
1. NEUROSURGICAL
2. ORTHODONTIC/ ORTHOGNATHIC |
|
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IF CROUZON SYNDROME IS UNTREATED
|
1. LEAD TO MENTAL RETARDATION
2. BLINDNESS |
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APERT SYNDROME IS CHARACTERIZED BY
|
1. MOST CASES ARE FRESH MUTATIONS
2. SIMILAR TO CROUZON 3. 1 IN 100,000 BRITH |
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APERT SYNDROME IS ASSOCIATED W/
|
1. CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS
2. CRANIOFACIAL ANOMALIES 3. SYMMETRICAL SYNDACTYLY |
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PFEIFFER SYNDROME IS CHARACTERIZED BY
|
1. CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS
2. BROAD, SHORT THUMBS AND BIG TOES =/- SYNDACTYLY 3. EVEN RARER |
