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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the 5 phases of prophase and the importance of each stage.
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1. Leptotene - chromosomes condense
2. Zygotene - chromosomes come together 3. Pachytene - crossing over 4. Diplotene - chromosomes separate 5. Diakinesis - chromosomes move and and ready themselves for metaphase |
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Leydig cells secrete ____.
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testosterone
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Thecal layer secretes ____.
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Estrogen
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Granulosa layer secretes ____.
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Progesterone
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The zone pellucida is responsible for binding ____.
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(to) sperm
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The Epimere develops into...
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bones, muscle and skin
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The Mesomere develops into...
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kidneys and gonads
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The Hypomere develops into...
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major blood vessels and the heart
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Any cell in cleavage is referred to as...
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a blastomere
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The Frog's developmental/cleavage pattern...
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radial
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The otic vesicles will eventually mature into...
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the cochlea and auditory canals
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Starfish have __(#) body tubes...
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4 - they're missing a dorsal nerve tube
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If we had not been able to extract sperm from sea urchins, how could we have induced cleavage to begin? What is the term for this process?
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Ca2+ can be used for activation.
Parthenogenesis. |
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What effect does 2-thiouracil have on the bracken fern life style? How would you know if you had a high concentration of 2-thiouracil on your experimental plates?
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It inhibits 2-D growth.
There would be little to no growth of the fern on the plates. |
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Track ploidy from sperm entrance to fertilization. Assume the chromosome number at G1 = 10.
A sperm enters the egg; it contains (1)___ chromosomes. The female's egg is waiting; it contains (2)___ chromosomes. Sperm entrance triggers meiosis in the female, and the egg undergoes meiosis 1 (first maturation spindle forms). After Meiosis 1, a polar body is formed and discharged which contains (3)___ chromosomes and the female egg contains (4)___ chromosomes. The male sperm pronucleus is still waiting, and contains (5)___ chromosomes. Meiosis 2 occurs in the female, and a second maturation spindle forms. After meiosis 2, a second polar body is cast off, and it contains (6)___ chromosomes. The female pronucleus remains, containing (7)___ chromosomes. The male pronucleus contains (8)___ chromosomes, and finally joins with the female pronucleus to bring the chromosome number to (9)___. |
1. 5; G1=10, this is the diploid #, sperm are haploid, so 10/2 = 5
2. 10; it hasn't complete meiosis yet so it is still diploid. 3. 10 4. 10 5. 5 6. 5 7. 5 8. 5 9. 10 |
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If a spermatid encountered an egg, would fertilization occur and why or why not?
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Fertilization would not occur because spermatids lack an acrosome.
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What is the first larval stage of a starfish called?
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Bipinnaria
** look for coelomic sacs |
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What substance is located at the site of impression and invagination?
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β-catenin
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What are cortical granules?
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they are golgi packages and are used to prevent polyspermy
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Large cells in blastula =
Small cells in blastula = |
macromeres
micromeres |
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What hormone induces Ovulation?
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Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
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What is the only structure that grows out of the dorsal part of the frog's brain?
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epiphysis
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Dorsal arteries and Cardinal veins.
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O oo O
Inside (oo) = dorsal arteries outside (O O) = cardinal veins |
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Forebrain will develop into...
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cerebrum
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Midbrain will develop into...
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cerebellum
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Hindbrain will develop into...
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medulla oblongata and pons
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