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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cytosine
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What is this molecule?
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5-methyl cytosine
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What is this molecule?
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What is the enzyme that methylates cytosine?
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DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferase
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DNA sequence that binds proteions that prevent enhancers from activating an adjacent promoter
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insulator
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About ___ base pairs of DNA encircle each histone octamer
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140
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This stabilizes the solenoidal chromatin structure
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Histone H1
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Each histone octamer consists of ___ molecules each of histones ___, ___, __, & __
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two, H2A, H2B, H3, H4
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cap sequence
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transcription initiation site
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ATG (AUG in the mRNA)
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translation initiation site
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the leader sequence
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5' untranslated region (5' UTR)
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TAA
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translation termination codon
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this sequences contains includes the sequence AATAAA
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3' untranslated region (3' UTR)
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The AATAAA sequence is needed for
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polyadenylation
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the poly(A) tail does (3):
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1) consfers stability 2) allows mRNA to exit nucleus 3) permits translation
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the poly(A) tail is inserted about __ bases downstream of the AAUAAA seq
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20
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The ____ box is usually about __ bp upstream from site of first base transcription
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TATA, 30
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RNA polymerases require _____________ _______ to bind efficiently to the promoter
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transcription factors
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Basal transcription factors
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TFII(A,B,C,D,E,F,H)
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TBP
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TATA-binding proteion
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TAFs
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TBP-associated factors
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Basal transcription factor sequence
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D to TATA, A stabilizes D, B+H join D-A complex, E+F join RNA polymerase II
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CTD
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carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II
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_____ positions RNA polymerase II
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TFIIB
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DNA P II's CTD is bound by
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TFIID
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Transcription starts when the ___ is phosphorylated by _____ and released.
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CTD, TFIIH
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DNA sequence that can activate the utilization of a promoter and control its efficiency and rate of transcription
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enhancer
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This gene is required for the development of the normal eye and is highly conserved
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PAX6
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Homozygous PAX6 mutations are
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lethal
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DNA regulatory elements that actively repress the transcription of a particular gene.
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silencers
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