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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the division of the urogenital system?
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-Urinary System
-Genital System |
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What do both the urinary and genital system develop from?
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-Mesodermal ridge (intermediate mesoderm)
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What is the excretory duct of both the urinary and genital system?
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-Cloaca
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What are the 3 kidney systems during development?
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-Pronephros
-Mesonephros -Metanephros |
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What happens with the pronephros?
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-Rudimentary, nonfunctional and disappears by the end of the 4th week
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What occurs during regression of the pronephros?
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-the first excretory tubules of the mesonephros appear
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What does the mesonephros do after it is form?
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-Lengthen, form an S-shaped loop and acquire glomeruls
-At the opposite end, the tubule enters the longitudinal collecting duct (mesonephric duct) |
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What is the mesonephric duct?
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-Longitudinal collecting duct from the mesonephros
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What happens to the mesonephric duct in males and females?
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-Persists in males
-Disappears in females |
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How does the metanephric duct form?
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-Develops from uteric bud
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What is a ureteric bud and which kidney forms it?
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-An outgrowth of the mesonephric duct close to its entrance into the cloaca
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What does the urteric bud form?
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-adult ureter, the renal pelvis, the major and minor calyces, and collecting tubules
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What does the penetrating urteric tube induce?
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-Metanephric tissue to develop into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules and the loop of Henle
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Where does the kidney initially form?
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-In the pelvic region and later shifts to a more cranial position in the abdomen
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Where does the kidney receive its blood supply before it ascends cranially?
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-Pelvic Branch of the aorta
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What is the division of the cloacal membrane?
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-Urogenital membrane, anteriorly
-Anal membrane, posteriorly |
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What is the upper and largest part of the primitive urogenital sinus?
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Bladder
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What forms when the lumen of the allantois is obliterated?
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-Urachus remains connected to the apex of the bladder with the unbilicus
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What gives rise to the prostatic and membranous parts of the urethra?
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Pelvic part of the urogenital sinus
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What is the germ layer for the trigone and the rest of the bladder?
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mesoderm (Trigone)
endoderm (rest of bladder) |
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What is the epithelial origin of the male and female urethra?
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-Endoderm
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What are the names of the outbuddings if the urethra during formation?
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-Prostate Gland (male)
-Urethral and Paraurethral (female) |
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What gene is proposed to determine sex?
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SRY on the Y chromosome
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When is SRY expressed first?
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-Time of testis differentiation
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What happens in the absence of SRY gene?
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the gonad will differentiate into an ovary
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What genes are necessary for female differentiation?
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-Wnt-4, DAX-1 located on the X chromosome
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What is Wnt-4 required for?
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-Stabilization of the paramesonephric ducts
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What does DAX-1 do?
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-Inhibits steriodogenesis and the release of testosterone Leydig cells
-Effects are dosage dependent |
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What gene is required in the gonadal ridge for normal development of the kidneys and gonads?
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WT1
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What forms the medullary cords and rete testis in the male?
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Sex cords
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What happens to the sex cords in females?
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-Disappear
-Replaced by a vascular stroma that forms the ovarian medulla |
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Name the 2 pairs of genital ducts.
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Mesonephric ducts and paramesonephric ducts
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What forms the uterine canal?
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Mesonephric and Paramesonephric duct
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What forms the efferent ductules, epididymis, and ductus deferens in males?
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Mesonephric ducts
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What occurs with the paramesonephric ducts in males?
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-Degenerates under the influence of mullerian inhibiting substance produced by the Sertoli cells
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What occurs with the paramesonephric ducts in females?
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-Persists
-Form the uterine tube, uterus and vagina |
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What is the external genitalia derived from?
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-Mesodermal tissue around the cloaca
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