Dermatology: Quiz 1 Study Material

Front 1

Angioedema

Back 1

An allergic skin disease characterized by parches of swelling in the skin, the subcutaneous tissues, and the mucous membranes. Also called angioneurotic edema or giant urticaria.

Front 2

Annular

Back 2

A ring shaped lesion with central clearing.

Front 3

Blackhead

Back 3

One of the primary lesions of acne. A darkened area of sebum and keratin. Also called an open comedo.

Front 4

Cafe-au-lait Spots

Back 4

Pigmented brown lesions.

Front 5

Cellulitis

Back 5

Inflammation of the subcutaneous tissues caused by bacteria.

Front 6

Confluent

Back 6

Connected together.

Front 7

Cream

Back 7

A topical dosage form that consists of an O/W or a W/O emulsion.

Front 8

Dermatitis

Back 8

Inflammation of the skin.

Front 9

Desquamation

Back 9

Peeling of the skin in the form of scales.

Front 10

Ecchymosis

Back 10

A blue or purple hemorrhagic patch on the skin.

Front 11

Eczema

Back 11

A superficial inflammatory of the skin characterized by itching, redness, oozing, weeping, crusting, and later scaling.

Front 12

Emollient

Back 12

An agent that softens and smoothes the skin.

Front 13

Erythema

Back 13

Redness

Front 14

Exanthem

Back 14

An eruptive disease such as measles

Front 15

Fibroma

Back 15

A tumor that consists mainly of fibrous tissue

Front 16

Guttate

Back 16

Drop-like

Front 17

Humectant

Back 17

An agent that provides moisture to the skin

Front 18

Impetigo

Back 18

A superficial infection of the skin.

Front 19

Lentigo

Back 19

A pigmented macule of the skin.

Front 20

Lesion

Back 20

A wound, injury or a pathologic change in the tissues of the skin.

Front 21

Macerate

Back 21

To soften by wetting or soaking.

Front 22

Margination

Back 22

The transition zone between normal and abnormal skin. Usually stated to be sharp or diffuse

Front 23

Morbilliform

Back 23

Measles-like; maculopapular lesions that become confluent on the face and the body.

Front 24

Nits

Back 24

The eggs of head lice.

Front 25

Ointment

Back 25

A greasy-feeling topical dosage form comprised primarily of hydrocarbons.

Front 26

Palpable

Back 26

Capable of being felt.

Front 27

Pruritus

Back 27

Localized or generalized itching.

Front 28

Purpura

Back 28

A purple papule resulting from hemorrhage into the tissues of the skin.

Front 29

Seborrhea

Back 29

Excess secretion of sebum.

Front 30

Sebum

Back 30

A substance consisting of fatty acids, glycerides, and epithelial debris secreted by the sebaceous gland. Sebum waterproofs the skin.

Front 31

Telanglectasia

Back 31

Dilation of small groups of blood vessels

Front 32

Urticaria

Back 32

A skin condition characterized by wheals and itching. Usually caused by an allergic reaction.

Front 33

Whitehead

Back 33

One of the primary lesions of acne. A superficial pustule. Also called a closed comedo.

Front 34

Xerosis

Back 34

Dryness

Front 35

Lesion

Back 35

single, small area of skin disease

Front 36

rash

Back 36

presence of many lesions. Also called "eruption"

Front 37

Macule

Back 37

A flat, non-palpable, circumscribed lesion less than 1.5cm in diameter demarked by a color change. Ex: freckles, vitiligo, pigmentation

Front 38

Patch

Back 38

A macule that is larger than 1.5cm in diamter.

Front 39

Papule

Back 39

An elevated, solid, sometimes inflmmatory lump of less than 1.5cm in diamter. Ex: warts

Front 40

Nodule

Back 40

A palpule enlarged in 3 directions: length, height and width. solid lesion usually more than 1.5cm in diameter. May involve the epidermis, dermis or hypodermis.

Front 41

Tumor

Back 41

A solid, palpable lesion that is greater than 2cm in diamter. The difference between a nodule and a tumor is not readily defined except that a tumor is usually a synonym for a neoplasm. Maybe deep in dermis, but not always. Usually refers to a malignant lesion.

Front 42

Plaque

Back 42

A palpable but relatively flat, rough, plateau-like, scaly lesion with a diameter of greater than 1.5cm. It is usually greater in area than in thickness. May arise from papules that join together. Ex: psoriasis & chronic atopic dermatitis

Front 43

Vesicle

Back 43

An elevated fluid-filled papule. A small blister that is less than 1.5cm in diameter. Filled with clear, thin fluid. Ex: herpes simplex & chicken pox

Front 44

Bulla

Back 44

A large vesicle greater than 1.5cm in diameter. May develop through the coalescence of multiple small vesicles.

Front 45

Wheal

Back 45

An elevated irregular-shaped area of cutaneous edema. Substance of lesions consists of interstitial non-loculated fluid. Transient lesions lasting less than 24 hrs. Usually caused by an allergic reaction. Ex: hives.

Front 46

Pustule

Back 46

An elevated lesion, less than 1cm in diameter that is filled with pus. Bacteria almost always cause this type of lesion.

Front 47

Cyst

Back 47

A nodule with an epithelial-lined central cavity that is filled with fluid or semi-solid material. Lesions feel like an eyeball.

Front 48

Petechiae

Back 48

Red-purple non-blanchable discolorations of the skin. Less than 0.5cm in diameter. Usually caused by bleeding into the skin.

Front 49

Purpura

Back 49

Red-purple non-blanchable discolorations of the skin. Large petechiae. Larger than 0.5cm. Caused by deposits of blood or blood pigment in the skin.

Front 50

Ecchymoses

Back 50

Red-purple non-blanchable discolorations of the skin. Very large petechiae. Deposit of blood or blood pigment in the skin. Caused by vascular wall destruction. Older patients get red marks where you try to put IVS. Capillary fragility, ruptures for reasons we don't understand.

Front 51

Abscess

Back 51

A pustule that is larger than 1cm in diameter

Front 52

Furuncle

Back 52

A pustule that forms in the hair follicle.

Front 53

Carbuncle

Back 53

A cluster of furuncles.

Front 54

Scale

Back 54

Dry, small thin flakes of epidermal debris. Heaped-up, shedding, dead epidermal cells. Derives from the outer layer of the epidermis. Scales may be dry or greasy such as in dandruff.

Front 55

Erosion

Back 55

Loss of part of the epidermis; follows rupture of a vesicle or bulla. Erosion does not pass basal cell layer.

Front 56

Ulcer

Back 56

A complete loss of the epidermis with exposure of the dermis. Deep ulcers can result in the destruction of the dermis as well. Deeper into the skin than an erosion. Heal with scaring. Stasis ulcer. Cutaneous anthrax.

Front 57

Fissure

Back 57

Linear crack in the epidermis that may extend into the dermis. Any split in the epidermis extending into the papillary dermis.

Front 58

Crust

Back 58

Scab. An accumulation of dried transudate and cellular debris that may form over a primary lesion. Ex: impetigo

Front 59

Atrophy

Back 59

Thinning of the skin surface and loss of skin markings; skin becomes paper-like and translucent.

Front 60

Scar

Back 60

Thin to thick fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin following an injury to the dermis. Are initially thick and pink.

Front 61

Keloids

Back 61

Hypertropic scars. Form beyond the borders of the original injury. More common in Asian and African-Americans than Cucasians.

Front 62

Excoriation

Back 62

Loss of the epidermis secondary to scratching; a linear hollowed-out crusted area. Superficial linear abrasions of the skin. Usually caused by scratching.

Front 63

Lichenification

Back 63

A change in the texture of the skin surface that results from frictional rubbing. The skin appears thickened and rough. Surface looks like a washboard.

Front 64

Transudate

Back 64

A thin straw-colored fluid that escapes for the surface of superficially abraded skin.

Front 65

Burrow

Back 65

Very small tunnels into the epidermis. Caused by parasites such as scabies. Tunnels can be short or can be very long such as in a disease called creeping eruption. Usually found in webs of fingers.

Front 66

Spider Angioma

Back 66

Red central body with radiating central legs. Blanch with pressure to the central body. Caused by severe liver disease and vitamin B deficiency.