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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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leukoderma =
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depig or hypopig
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where can primary melanoma arise
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skin
eye ear brain |
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abrnomal function of kit leads to
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piebaldism
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where do melanocytes live
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basal layer of epidermis
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there is no difference in number of melanocytes among races... so what's different?
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activity and size
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______ catalyzes the mutliple steps in biosynthesis of melanin
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tyrosinase
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what other factors besides tyrosinase are key in melanogensis
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MSH
endothelin 1 UV light |
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the productio of eumelanin vs pheomelanin is influend by bindnig of MSH to _____
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MC1R melanocortin 1 receptor
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why can't red heads tan
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mutation in MC1R which is important for synthesis of melanin
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what does UV light increase
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size of melanocytes
tyrosinase activity number of melanosomes |
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name a disorder of melanocyte destruction
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vitiligo-- autoimmune
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name a disorder of melanocyte migration
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piebaldism
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name a disorder of melanocyte downregulation
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pityriasis alba
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what might histology show you on vitiligo patient
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complete absence of melanocyte in affected areas
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what else do you need to worry about in vitiligo
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alopeca areata
hyotheyroidism pernicious anemia |
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where do you see loss of pigment in peibaldism
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midline
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what causes piebaldism?
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mutatio of cKIT gene which decreases the ability of the cKIT recetor to be activated by steel factor
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what patient population should you worry about pityriasis alba
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atopic dermatitis
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the most common subtype of oculocutaneous albinism arises from defect in gene encoding
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tyrosinase
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increased levels of estrogenand porgesterone may cause _____
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melasma
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what does woods tell you about hypo? hyperpigmented?
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hypo if it's depig or hypo
hyper is if in epidermis or deeper |
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when is woods particularly useful
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diagnosig vitiligo
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how do you treat dyspigmentation
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topial corticosteroids
topical calcineurin inhibitors narrow band UVB to reduce inflammation and stiulate repigmentation |
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what are the lengths of UVC B and A?
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200-280
280-320 230-400 |
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what happens to chromophore DNA when exposed to UV radiation
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mutations
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DNA mutations can lead to what skin diseases
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actini deratoses
BCC melanoma |
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____ acts by suppressing DNA synthesis which causes anti-inflammatory effects in the skin
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UVB
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describe fitzpatrick skin phototypes I through VI
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always never
often sometimes sometimes always never always moderately pigmented darkly |
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immediate tanning occurs immediatly following UV_ and delayed tanning results from both and peaks after ___ days
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UVA
3 |
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UV_ wavelengths are 1000x more erythemogenic than UV_
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B 1000x A
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when does UVB show up?
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6 to 24 hours later
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what diseases could you treat with UV?
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psoriasis and atopic dermatitis
why? anti-inflammatory |
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what drugs may result in photoxic drug eruptions?
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amiodarone
doxycycline furosemid ydrocholorthiozide methotrexate naproxen |
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wild parsnip, parsely, celery, lime, lemon, and fig may contain _______ which act as photosensitizers
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furocoumarins
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patient presents with pathcy or linear erythema of uncovered skin. postinflammatory hyperpig may occur
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phytophotodermatitis
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what is the hallmark of photoallergic reactions
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redness and itching
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what type of immune response is photoallergic reactions
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delayed type
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what medications commonly cause photoallergic
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sulfa meds
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what is PMLE
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delayed type hypersenstivity with outbreaks in the spring cuasing itching and burning
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where do you find PMLE
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termperate climates
upper cheeks, nose, chin, back, lateral neck, V of chest, arms, forearms, shins, dorsal hands and feet |
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how do you treat PMLE?
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corticosteroids
low does progressive phototherapy |
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the medication _____ increases absorption of UV light and subsequently anti-inflammatory properties
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psoralen
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SPF =
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MED protected/MED unprotected
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t or f. skin cancer is the most common cancer in the US
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true!
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