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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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macule
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change in skin color (u can't feel these if you close your eyes); ex: freckles, tattoos, hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, erythema, purpura, and vitiligo (blue color means color change is deep into dermis)
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papules
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small, solid lesions that are generally <1 cm; (warts, moles, and molluscum contagiosum
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nodule
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a solid, palpable, rounded or ellipsoidal lesion located in the epidermis, dermis, or subcutis (Substance such as a neoplasm growing in dermis. Hard and firm to palpate, a larger papule.)(>0.5 cm or >5mm in diameter)
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tumor
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large nodule; any localized swelling of tissue, although it is often used as synonymous with neoplasm (Any localized area of swelling)
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plaque
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solid, elevated, flat-topped, plateaulike lesions that cover a fairly large area and may be flat or rough surface; they may arise from papules that join together (chronic eczematous dermatitis, psoriasis); (> 0.5 cm in diameter)
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vessicle
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fluid filled small blister; a circumscribed, raised, fluid-filled lesion less than 0.5 cm. in diameter (Herpes Simplex -fever blisters- at corner of mouth usually but can spread if dermatitis - atopic Abnormal Skin-)
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bullae
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a vessicle over 5 mm in diameter; a circumscribed, raised, fluid-filled lesion greater than 0.5 cm. in diameter (Big blisters)
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pustule
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a raised lesion of various size and shape that contain polymorphonuclear leukocytes and cellular debris; color of exudate may be white, yellow, or green depending on infectious agent involved (Pus filled, not hard, if a hair is coming out of pustule, this indicative of follicucitis.)
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wheal
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pink plaque caused by edema of the skin as in urticaria; a transient, raised, fiat-topped or rounded elevation of the skin caused by edema of the upper dermis ( *Hives* Due to fluid edema in skin. Seen mostly like plaque)
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petechia
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purple discoloration of the skin caused by extravasation of the blood
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purpura
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a petechial lesion >5mm
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primary lesions
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macule, papule, nodule, tumor, plaque, vessicle, bullae, pustule, wheal, petechia, purpura; t is the initial lesion that has not been altered by trauma, manipulation(scratching, scrubbing) or natural regression over time. (e.g. macule, papules, plaques)
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fissure
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a crack or split in the epidermis; (Acute "sudden" loss of skin in a linear fashion)
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erosion
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an area of partial loss (superficial) of the epidermis; moist but not bleeding
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ulcer
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an area of total loss of epidermis; a deeper loss of skin surface; may bleed and scar
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scales
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flat flakes from the stratum corneum (horny layer)
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crust
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scabs from blood, serum, or exudate; "oozing and crusting" on skin from some fluid loss and seeping from skin. *This is a Secondary Cause* Have to find the primary source of oozing and crusting.)
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atrophy
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loss of thickness of the epidermis or dermis; due to a decrease in the number of cells due to inflammation, trauma, or aging (indentation, permanent loss of skin)
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lipoatrophy
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loss of subcutaneous fat
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lichenified
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thickening of epidermis with an esaggeration of normal skin lines
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papulosquamous
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papules or plaques with scales (psoriasis)
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eczematous
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erythematous and scaly lesion with ill-defined borders, caused by inflammation (atopic dermatitis)
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necrosis
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death of skin
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bacterial lesion
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Impetigo, Folliculitis, Furunculosis, Hidradenitis suppurativa
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impetigo
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Starts as a vesicle
or bullae, Oozes serum(honeycrusted lesion, Red base |
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folliculitis
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Infection or Inflammation of the hair follicle; Coagulase-positive Staph aureus is
the pathogen |
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epidermis
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thin, avascular, superficial layer (Top layer of skin, makes up stratea corneum. Has no nuclei, protects us from the environment and regulates homeostasis through water or sweat loss, heat evaporation and carbon dioxide diffusion)
a.outer horny layer b. inner cellular layer |
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dermis
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middle layer of skin, contains hair follicles and roots, sebaceous glands which come out the same orifice as hair follicles, apocrine glands (scent ducts), sweat ducts
a. connective tissue b. sebaceous glands c. hair follicles |
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subcutaneous tissue
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Most veins and arteries are located, also fat
a. fat b. sweat glands c. hair follicles |
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annular
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ring-shaped
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confluent
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means joining, running together, denoting skin lesions which become merges forming a patch.
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exanthem
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A skin eruption occurring as a symptom of an acute viral or cocal disease as in scarlet fever or measles.
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patch
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flat, circumscribed skin discoloration;a very large macule
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cyst
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a sac that contains a liquid or semisolid substance (Fluid-filled, could be keratin. -extremely tough or fibrous protein- filled. Usually mobile and soft due to fluid. Located in epidermis normally)
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desquamation
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(scaling) - the result of loss of the outermost layer of skin when there is abnormal keratinization and exfoliation of cornified epithelial cells (shedding of the epidermis)
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special lesions
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include lesions such as e.g. purpura, petechiae, comedones, target lesions, burrows, telangiectasias
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mild acne
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consists of comedones and/or occassional papules and pustules
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moderate acne
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more inflammatory acne, with relatively superficial papules and/or pustules; comedones may also be present; lesions may heal with scars
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severe acne
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(cystic or nodular acne, acne conglobata) has a greater degree, depth, and number of inflammatory lesions; papules, pustules, nodules, cysts, and possibly abscesses; Sinus tracts, significant scarring, and keloid formation may also be evident
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oral antibiotics
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used in the management of moderate to sever acne and acnelike disorders
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