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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acne Vulgaris
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Acne develops when cells and natural oils begin to block up tiny hair follicles in the skin. Bacteria work their way into the plugged up follicles and start multiplying. When the body's immune cells move in to attack the bacteria, the results of the battle are the classic symptoms of acne -- swelling, redness, and pimples.
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Erythema Infectiosum (fifth disease)
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Cause=Parvovirus B19
Low grade fever, red rash to cheek, slap cheek B19 specific IgM |
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Measeles (Rubeola)
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cause= morbillivirus
vaccination MMR 12-15 months prodromal phase- fever, cough, 2-3mm gray white lesion rash phase- cervical lymphadenopathy, splenomegally |
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Rubella
german measles |
cause- rubivirus
ages 5-9, most contagious when rash is erupting, airborne transmission. Fetal death conjunctivitis, low fever, occipital lymph nodes, maculopapular rash 1-4mm starts on face spreads to chest last 3 days. |
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Pityriasis Rosea
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may be viral or autoimmune
most commom 10-35 no risk factors Herald patch on trunk salmon colored oval plaques 1-10cm in diameter with fine scales, oval shaped leasions christmas tree pattern. pruritis |
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Scarlet fever
(scarlatina) |
Cause= group A streptococcus (GAS) Ages- 4-12
Toxin produces rash, sore throat, fever, tonsils covered in exudate, fine sandpaper rash, white coating on tongue then sheds to leave strawberry red. diagnostic- throat culture |
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Roseola
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A mild, contagious illness, roseola infantum is most common in children age 6 months to 2 years, and is rare after age 4. The symptoms are respiratory illness, followed by a high fever (which can trigger seizures) for up to eight days. Fevers abruptly end and are followed by a rash of small, pink, flat, or slightly raised bumps on the trunk, then the extremities.
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Scabies
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Infestation of the skin by the human itch mite, Sarcaptes scabies. The initial symptom of scabies are red, raised bumps that are intensely itchy. A magnifying glass will reveal short, wavy lines of red skin, which are the burrows made by the mites.
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Psoriasis
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A reddish, scaly rash often located over the surfaces of the elbows, knees, scalp, and around or in the ears, navel, genitals or buttocks. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that is mediated by T lymphocytes. It is also a very common disease, Chronic plaque psoriasis affects approximately 2% of people around the world. About 10-15% of patients with psoriasis develop joint inflammation (inflammatory arthritis).
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Seborrheic keratoses
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common benign yellow to brown raised lesion that feel slightly greasy or warty and have a stuck on appearance. face trunk of older people. black younger females
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Cosackie A 16
(hand-foot-and-mouth disease) |
This common, contagious childhood illness starts with a fever, then painful mouth sores and a non-itchy rash with blisters on hands, feet, and sometimes buttocks and legs follow. It spreads through coughing, sneezing, and used diapers, so wash hands often when dealing with coxsackie. Home treatment includes ibuprofen or acetaminophen (do not give aspirin) and lots of fluids.
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Herpes simplex virus
(non genital) |
herpes virus that causes cold sores and fever blisters in and around the mouth.
Herpes simplex type 1 is also known as human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1). |
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Herpes Zoster
(shingles) |
The culprit is the varicella-zoster virus. Primary infection with this virus causes chickenpox (varicella). At this time the virus infects nerves (namely, the dorsal root ganglia) where it remains latent (lies low) for years. It can then be reactivated to cause shingles with blisters over the distribution of the affected nerve accompanied by often intense pain and itching.
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Varicella zoster
(chickenpox) |
chickenpox is now preventable through the varicella vaccine. The reasons for vaccination go beyond sparing your child the uncomfortable red blisters. Chickenpox can cause dangerous complications in newborns, adults, and pregnant women
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Candidiasis
(diaper) |
bright beefy rash
common pediatrics and geriatrics |
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Candidiasis
(intertrigo) |
A superficial skin disorder involving any area of the body where opposing skin surfaces may touch and rub, such as the creases of the neck, the skin folds of the groin, axilla (armpit) and breasts (especially if large and pendulous) and between the toes.
Intertrigo is characterized by skin reddening (erythema), maceration (softening and deterioration), burning, and itching. There may also be erosions, fissures (cracks) and exudation (oozing) and secondary infections. |
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Tinea
(dermatophyte) |
These agents are called the dermatophytes, which means "skin fungi." An infection with these fungi is sometimes known as dermatophytosis. Skin fungi can only live on the dead layer of keratin protein on top of the skin
Tinea capitis, for instance, refers to scalp ringworm, tinea corporis to fungus of the body, tinea pedis to fungus of the feet, and so on. |
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Pityriasis
(tinea versicolor) |
called Pityrosporum orbiculare. Tinea versicolor typically causes numerous patchy scaling macules on the upper chest and back, proximal arms, and neck. Facial involvement may occur as shown. The lesions may be hypopigmented, as illustrated here, or brown-orange, depending on the skin color of the patient and the degree of recent sun exposure.
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Impetigo
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A bacterial skin infection caused by the staphylococcus or, more rarely, streptococcus bacteria. The first sign of impetigo is a patch of red, itchy skin. Pustules develop on this area, soon forming crusty, yellow-brown sores that can spread to cover entire areas of the face, arms, and other body parts. Most patients are children. Treatment is by antibiotics.
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Folliculitis
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. Infection of the hair follicles can occur when the skin is disrupted or inflamed due to a number of conditions, including acne, skin wounds or injuries, friction from clothing, excessive sweating, or exposure to toxins. The symptoms vary and include small, red bumps or blisters around hair follicles, blisters filled with pus, or itching and tenderness of the involved area. When the deeper parts of the hair follicle are infected, a painful lump or mass may be felt.
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Cellulitis
(abscess) |
Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the skin and tissues beneath the skin. Cellulitis usually begins as a small area of tenderness, swelling, and redness that spreads to adjacent skin. As this red area begins to enlarge, the affected person may develop a fever -- sometimes with chills and sweats -- and swollen lymph nodes ("swollen glands") near the area of infected skin.
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Eczema
(atopic dermatitis) |
This condition is the most common of all pediatric dermatoses. For the majority of patients, the onset occurs during infancy. There are symmetrical patches of erythema, exudation, and scale involving the cheeks and chin. It is not unusual also to see widespread involvement of the trunk and extensor extremities during infancy; the diaper area is most often
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Psoriasis
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A reddish, scaly rash often located over the surfaces of the elbows, knees, scalp, and around or in the ears, navel, genitals or buttocks. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that is mediated by T lymphocytes. It is also a very common disease, Chronic plaque psoriasis affects approximately 2% of people around the world. About 10-15% of patients with psoriasis develop joint inflammation (inflammatory arthritis).
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Contact allergic dermatitis
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A red, itchy, weepy reaction where the skin has come into contact with a substance that the immune system recognizes as foreign, such as poison ivy, poison oak or poison sumac or certain preservatives in creams and lotions. This type of reaction reflects a specific sensitivity or allergy to a specific substance. Also called allergic contact eczema.
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Malignant melanoma
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Malignant melanoma. Less than 2 percent of all melanomas occur during childhood. Nonetheless, attention must be paid to signs and symptoms suggestive of this potentially fatal disease. Variegations of color are of particular concern. Irregular or notched borders, bleeding, and ulceration are other signs of malignant change.
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Basal cell carcinoma
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The most common type of skin cancer, a disease in which the cancer cells resemble the basal cells of the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin.
Basal cell carcinomas usually appear as the classic "sore that doesn't heal." A bleeding or scabbing sore that seems to get somewhat better, then recurs and starts to bleed, may be a basal cell carcinoma. |
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Squamos cell carcinoma
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thin, flat cells that look under the microscope like fish scales. Squamous cells are found in the tissue that forms the surface of the skin, the lining of hollow organs of the body, and the passages of the respiratory and digestive tracts. Squamous cell carcinomas may arise in any of these tissues
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Actinic keratosis
(precancerous) |
A small rough spot on skin chronically exposed to the sun, precancerous, can develop into a skin cancer called squamous cell carcinoma, a process that typically takes years. Actinic keratoses occur most frequently in fair-skinned people. Common locations are the face, scalp, back of the neck, upper chest, forearm and back of the hand
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Mottling
(cutis marmorata) |
prominent in premature infants and infants with hypothyroidism and downs syndrome.
lattice like bluish mottled appearance |
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Mongolian spots
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Dark skinned babies not to be confused with bruises
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Cafe au lait patches
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increase in melanin, common, possible family history, well marginated light brown macules < 1.5cm, less than 5 lesions, if 6 or more lesions present suggest neurofibromatosis.
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Telangiectastic nevi
(stork bites) |
Splochy pink marks on infant
called stork bites |
