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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the rods you are seeing on your ear cytology (which you do for every otitis case of course)?
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1) Pseudomonas
2) E. coli 3) Proteus 4) Klebsiella |
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Scabies genus in cats?
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Notoedres
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What form of demodex is contagious in cats?
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Demodex gattoi
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Do acute otitis externa cases require systemic antibiotics?
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Hardly ever.
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Name the structure attacked in bullous pemphigoid.
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Hemidesmosome; which adheres the epidermis to the dermis.
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What is the skin lesion of hepatocutaneous syndrome?
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Necrolytic migratory eythema (in humans)
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What topical antimicrobial penetrates follicles and is hydrolyzed by bacterial lipases to lactate and ethanol which kill bacteria, is degreasing, and comedolytic?
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Ethyl lactate
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What common organism is chlorhexidine not effective against?
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Pseudomonas
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Name the structure attacked in pepmphigus foliaceus and vulgaris.
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Desmosone (Hemidesmosome is incorrect; see Bullous pemphigoid)
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Name 2 topical steroids used in the treatment of pruritus.
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Betamethasone - Otomax© & gentocin spray
Hydrocortisone (0.5-2%) - Resicort© The following are absorbed systemically: Dexamethasone in Tresaderm© Triamcinalone in Panalog© |
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What is the antifungal agent in Otomax©? How about Conofite?
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Otomax = clotrimazole
Conofite - miconazole |
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What do you need to do about localized demodicosis?
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Nothing really. You can try benzoyl peroxide but can't prevent from becoming generalized.
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4 differentials for focal or patchy alopecia.
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1) demodicosis
2) chyletiellosis 3) dermatophytosis 4) bacterial pyoderma (focal) |
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Condition common in standard poodles & northern breeds with alopecia.
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Sebaceous adenitis. Trichogram shows dead cells around root not washed out by normal sebaceous gland function.
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Hairless only in black-haired regions ...
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Black hair follicular dysplasia
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Head mange in cats; are the mites easy to find?
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Yes. you should find mites.
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How do you diagnose Chyletiella?
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1) fecal float (from grooming)
2) trichogram |
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How do you treat chyletiella?
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1) Revolution©
2) Lime sulfur dip 3) Weekly ivermectin |
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Most common gram- isolate associated with otitis externa?
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Name 2 common differentials for alopecia.
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1) demodicosis
2) dermatophytosis |
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Scabies distribution in cats?
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Head (head mange)
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The scabies triad?
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Pinnae
Elbows Hocks |
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What do yeasts look like on cytology?
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Peanut-shaped
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What do you treat cats with scabies (head mange) with?
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1) ivermectin weekly SQ
2) Selemectin (Revolution©) 3) Lime sulfur |
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What fills the lesions of pemphigus foliaceus as apposed to vulgaris?
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Vulgaris = serum
Foliaceus = suppurative exudates (pus) |
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What is the treatment of choice for Demodex gattoi in cats?
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lime sulfur dips
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What is walking dandruff?
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Chyletiella
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What should you think of demodicosis in an older dog?
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Immunosuppression
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What would you see on a trichogram in a dog with dilutional alopecia?
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clumps of melanosomes along the hair shaft which are weak points.
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Why don't we use ivomec cattle prep in cats?
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The propylene glycol can cause heinze body anemia.
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Enrofloxacin has gram+ and gram- dosages ... what are they?
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(+)5 mg/kg SID
(-)22mg/kg SID |
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3 things you want to do with cases of otitis media.
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1) flush (anesthesia)
2) culture & sensitivity 3) systemic antibiotics |
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What is in Otomax© ?
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Betamethasone
Gentomycin Clotrimazole |
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What is in Tresaderm© ?
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Dexamethasone
Neomycin Thiabendazole |
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non-pruritic, symmetrical, hyperpigmented alopecia which may wax and wane seasonally in a Boxer?
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Cyclical flank alopecia
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Name 5 topical drugs for pseudomonas.
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1) Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)
2) Polymyxin B 3) Enrofloxacin 4) Tobramycin 5) Amikacin |
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Two conditions associated with lack of hair regrowth?
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Cushing's
Hypothyroidism |
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Give 3 options for treating generalized demodicosis.
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1) Amitraz dip (only FDA approved treatment)
2)Daily ivermectin 300-600μg/kg PO SID x 1 month (build up to final dose)then rescrape. Treat one month beyond negative scraping. 3) Milbemycin (Interceptor) (dunno the dose and protocol) |
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What ear product has silver sulfadiazene in it?
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Baytril otic.
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Most common yeast found in dogs and cats?
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Malassezia pachydermatis
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What is the most common cause of hotspots?
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Flea Allergy Dermatitis
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Name 3 underlying causes of chronic otitis externa?
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1) allergy (atopy, food)
2) conformational 3) cushings/hypothyroidism ... 4) Nasal polyp in cats with unilateral OE |
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How do yo treat scabies?
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1) Revolution© every 2 weeks for 3 doses
2) Ivermectin weekly for 4-6 doses 3) Milbemycin 4) lime sulfur dips |
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How do you approach treatment of a hotspot?
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1) Clip
2) Dry (with an astringent) 3) Oral antibiotics if folliculitis present concurrently |
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Most common bacterial isolate associated with otitis externa?
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Staphylococcus intermedius
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What causes scabies incognito?
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As scabies progresses, the sensitivity becomes a hypersensitivity and so is less proportionate to the mite load.
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What diagnostic is indicated when otitis media is suspected but the tympanum or a tympanic rupture cannot be visualized?
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Radiographics studies of the bullae.
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Name 2 topical anesthetic therapies for pruritus.
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Pramoxime 1% - Relief©
Lidocaine 1% - Dermacool© |
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Name some antimicrobials for topical use for otitis.
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Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)
Baytril otic (no steroid) Neomycin - Tresaderm(+dex +thiobendazole) Gentamycin - Otomax (+clotrimazole +betamethasone), Gentacin otic |
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Name 3 PRACTICAL categories of otitis
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1) Acute otitis externa (swimmer's ear)
2) Chronic/recurrent OE (Cocker's ear ;) 3) Otitis media |
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The 3 most common species of Staphylococcus on canine skin?
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S. intermedius
S. hycus S. aureus |
