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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the ABCDs of melanoma?
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Asymmetry; Border irregularity; Colour variability; Diameter greater than 6mm
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What are the two negative features that must be absent for melanoma?
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Symmetry and Solitary colouring
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do superficial and nodular melanoma appear similar?
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No
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which has classic 'ABCD' features of melanoma, nodular or superficial spreading?
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Superficial spreading does fit the ABCD model
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are the majority of nodular melanomas pigmented?
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No, they aren't
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are the majority of superfical spreading melanomas pigmented?
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Yes, they are
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which grows faster, nodular or superficial spreading melanoma?
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Nodular grows faster
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what feature of melanoma on the foot can make detection difficult?
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It is not uncommon for these melanomas to lack pigment
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where is the most common site for melanomas on men?
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on the trunk (chest and back)
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where is the most common site for melanomas in women?
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on the arms and legs
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when is melanoma most common, in life?
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age is a risk factor, and melanoma is more likely later in life
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if melanoma is diagnosed on excision biopsy, should further excision be performed?
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yes, to widen the margins
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should blood tests and CT scan be performed after positive melanoma biopsy results?
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No, this is not necessary
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what should patients with positive melanotic biopsies be advised?
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lifetime monitoring is required, and lymph nodes around excision should be self-checked every 4 months
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how is a sentinel node biopsy performed?
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using a combination radioactive substance and blue dye, under local/GA; a lymphoscintogram is used for imaging
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which melanoma patients are offered sentinel node biopsy and what survival benefits does it offer?
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any patient with a Breslow thickness >1mm, but there is no evidence that it changes survival
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if a positive sentinel node biopsy occurs, is there evidence for benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy?
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none known to date
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in longitudinal melanonychia, should all lesions be biopsied?
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No
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longitudinal melanonychia is more common in what skin types?
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Those with darker skin
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what is melanoma called when it is responsible for longitudinal melanonychia?
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subungual melanoma
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what are some distinguishing features of melanoma, from naevus, in longitudinal melanonychia?
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history of enlarging area; involvement of proximal/lateral nail folds; irregular width bands of pigmentation
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what features indicate a melanonychia is due to subungual haematoma, not melanoma?
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presence of red-blue pigment; sparing of pigmentation in proximal nail fold
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after excision of a melanoma, how long is it recommended a woman wait to become pregnant?
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2-5 years, because of moderately high risk of recurrence
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what chemotherapy agent is commonly used for metastatic melanoma?
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cyclophosphamide; melanoma is not responsive to common chemotherapy regimens
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