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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acanthosis
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- Epidermal hyperplasia
- Thickening of the spinous layer - Can be seen in reactive and neoplastic lesions - Ex: Clear cell __________ |
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Psoriasiform hyperplasia
- Ex: Psoriasis |
- Elongation of the rete
- Result of hyperproliferation or external manipulation |
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Papillomatosis
- Ex: Verruca vulgaris |
- Projections of the dermal papillae
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Spongiosis:
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- Presence of intercellular edema (fluid)
- Accentuation of spinous processes histologically - May be the result of: - Chemical irritant - Allergic contact - Autoimmune process - Idiopathic (atopy) |
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Acantholysis
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- Separation of keratinocytes at their spinous processes
- May be the result of: - Spongiosis - Autoimmune/blistering disorder - Viral infection |
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Vesicle/Bulla:
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- Complete acantholysis or dissolution of the basal keratinocytes from the basement membrane zone
- May be intraepidermal or subepidermal - Mechanism might be immune mediated or physical (friction) |
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Orthokeratosis
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- Ortho = correct
- Basketweave on most body sites - Compact on acral skin - Hyperkeratosis implies an increase in the keratin - Never has retained nuclei |
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Parakeratosis:
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- Retained nuclei in the stratum corneum
- Sign of abnormal maturation (inflammatory or neoplastic) - Correlates clinically with “scale” |
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Dyskeratosis:
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- Abnormal keratinization of single keratinocytes
- Accumulation of keratin intermediate filaments gives the keratinocyte a “hard pink” appearance Also known as: - Colloid bodies - Civatte bodies - Kamino bodies - Dyskeratotic keratinocytes - Corps ronds |
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Exocytosis
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- Presence of lymphocytes or other inflammatory cells in the epidermis
- Implies a benign process - Almost always associated with spongiosis |
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Epidermotropism:
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- Presence of lymphocytes or other malignant cells in the epidermis
- Implies a malignant process (cutaneous lymphoma/epidermotropic malignant melanoma) |
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Lichenoid:
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- A band of inflammatory cells at the dermal-epidermal junction
- Usually composed of lymphocytes, may be admixed with histiocytes - May impart a violaceous or translucent quality to a clinical lesion |
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Nevus
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- A spot
- Any congenital lesion of the skin (hamartoma) - Correctly used with a modifier - Melanocytic - Connective tissue - Epidermal - Sebaceous (organoid) - By definition a nevus is benign |
