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92 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Walking dandruff cause? who does it impact? contagious? |
surface dwelling mite (Cheyleteilla) puppies, kittens, rabbit, and human possibly zoonotic, different species-specific |
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clinical signs of Cheyleteilla? in humans? |
mild pruitis dorsal midline head, neck, trunk asymptomatic carriers are possible forearm, waistband, trunk |
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diagnosis of walking dandruff |
scotch tape- broad surface areas mineral oil on slide 1st, put tape on 2nd fecal float |
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what might you include in your work-up if you suspect Otitis Media or Interna? |
cranial nerve exam |
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how to perform a full cytological evaluation on an ear? |
direct impression of pinna swab of canal diff quick |
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you find a small number of cocci and malassezia on an ear cytology- what is your diagnosis? |
normal |
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indications for a culture and Se? |
treatment failure ruptured tympanum neurological signs |
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culture and Se- what to remember when interpreting MIC of pathogens in your ear sample? |
MIC is for serum level susceptibility -> topical products have higher concentrations and can likely kill better than indicated on results |
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what is a myringotomy? indications? |
punture tympanic membrane and flush middle ear poor therapy response otitis media mass or foreign body removal |
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tx for an ear with servere erythema, pain, glandular hyperplasia, stenosis, purulence |
prednisone PO BID 2 weeks moderate cases, 4 weeks severe taper q24 X7d and then q48 X7d |
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topical steroids for an intermediate case of otitis? |
triamcinolone acetate Dexamethasone (tresaderm) |
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otitis: tx agressively or conservatively with antibiotics? what should you pair antibiotics with? |
conservatively- work your way up based on true treatment failure an ear soln w/ Triz-EDTA- alkaline enviro synergistic, punches hole in bacteria |
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good antibiotics for cocci? |
Iodine (xenodine- dogs only) neomycin gentamycin |
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good antibiotics for rods? |
cocci antibiotics+ amikacin tobramycin **Polymicxin B AFTER C/S: flouroquinolones |
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yeast cleanser compliments |
Acetic acid- (but triz ultra if mixed) chlorhex refractory: ketokonazole |
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yeast tx |
miconazole thiabendazole (tresaderm)- not malassezia terbanafine nystatin- candida |
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cleansers: for cerumen astringents |
klearortic, EpiOtic advanced MalAcetic, Burrow's solution |
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otodectes tx |
ivermectin, milbemycin (2 wks apart) revolution (selemectin) |
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sarcoptes tx demedex tx |
revolution, moxidectin q2wk X3 thiabendazole (tresaderm) |
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when should you schedule a recheck for otitis? |
std: 3-4 wks complicated: 1-2 weeks |
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how much liquid should be superscribed per dose per otitis patient? |
small: 0.5mL med: 0.75mL lg: 1mL |
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otitis media tx |
oral pred oral antibiotics (wait for C/S) X 6-8wks oral antifungal X 6-8wks |
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3 patterns in eosinophilic granulomas |
rodent ulcer plaque linear granuloma |
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eosinophilic granuloma is a dx of ________? |
exclusion |
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eosinophilic granuloma possible causes? |
allergies and infection |
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rodent ulcer R/O? |
red-brown upper lip SCC |
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what to test for if you have a rodent ulcer? |
herpes, calici PCR FeLV, FIV, tests, FIP titer |
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rodent ulcer dx |
serum IgE testing elimination diet |
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herpes/ calici-assoc eosin gran tx allery-assoc tx? all? |
lysine granules flea tx, ASIT, hypoallergenic diet GCCs (DepoMedrol) |
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non-responsive rodent ulcer tx |
Amoxicillin/Clavulanate progesterones- Meg. acetate intralesional Triamcinolone |
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eosinophilic plaque cause signs? dx? |
food allergy abd/medial thighs symmetrical raised, moist serum IgE, elim diet |
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linear granuloma- 3 forms and causes? dx? |
bridge nose/pinnae-> insect bites caudal/medial thigh-> idiopathic oral-> food allergy elim diet trial |
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sebaceous adentitis long haired breeds- signs |
poodles- hair loss Akitas-severe systemic illness head, trunk, tail, ears dull, brittle, straightned hair, scaling follicular casts non-pruritic/maloderous (except if secondary pyoderm) |
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sebaceous adentitis short haired breeds- signs |
viszla, wimeriner, dachshund, min pin head, pinnae, neck nonpuritic circumscribed to anular focal areas of alopecia some scaling no casts nodular periadenexal dermal and pannicular dermatits (NPDPD) |
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sebaceous adentitis tx |
anti-sebboreic propylene glycol bath oil +/- FAs, Vit A (or systemic retinoids) severe: cyclosporine + cerenia |
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long hair SA histo short hair? |
(pyo) granulomotous infiltrate chronic- fibrotic loss of sebaceous glands can extend to apocrine gland and panniculus |
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nodule- where do they come from? papules |
raised circular lesion into dermis (> 0.5cm) from neoplastic or inflammatory infiltrate same but < 0.5cm |
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does pus indiate inflammation? can you do a do a cytology on a non-intact nodule? histo |
nope yep- but not preffered |
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which cultures to submit for macerated tissue? |
aerobic and anaerobic fungal mycobacterium |
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feline atypical mycobacteria panniculitis- source? signs |
in soil/water fat, young female cats rapidly growing non tuberculosis |
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feline atypical mycobacteria panniculitis: 3 syndromes |
mycobacteria panniculitis Disseminated dz pyogranulomotous lobar pneumonia |
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mycobacteria panniculitis- cause dx tx |
cat fight fistulous wound that won't heal caudal inguinal lumbar region Zeihl-Nelson stain antibiotics |
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cutaneous sporotrichosis cause and signs- cats |
yeast proliferates in tissue intact male cats head, tail, limbs abcess ulcers drain and crust find organism in lesion and feces ZOONOTIC and gloves wash w/chlorhex too |
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cutaneous sporotrichosis signs- dogs |
firm nodules, ulcerated plaques, alopecia lymphocutaneous form-> distal limb nodules and chain of lymphatics |
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cutaneous sporotrichosis dx |
FNA: pleiomorphic cigar-shaped yeast PAS Gm stain culture |
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cutaneous sporotrichosis tx |
canine: potassium iodide or ketoconazole feline: itraconazole |
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k9 reactive histiocytosis- cause forms? |
proliferation of dendritic cells probably cutaneous and systemic |
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k9 reactive histiocytosis cutaneous signs dx tx |
mid- older collie/shetland sheepdog waxing and waning nodules, ulcers, alopecia dx by exclusion can regress spontaneously immunosuppression |
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k9 reactive histiocytosis systemic signs tx |
young bernese mtn dog nodules, ulcers, alopecia LN, lung, liver, spleen, BM dissemination constitutuonal: anorex, wt loss, stertor can be rapidly progressive immunosupp- guarded to grave |
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seasonal crusty pruritus cause rat tail and wt loss cause? |
culicoides allergy type 1 hyperSe IgE- mast and plasma cell increases |
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common allergy dermatitis horse dx |
esoninophilic infiltrate
skin scrape to R/O other things |
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common allergy dermatitis horse tx |
fly ctl/ mosquito dunks-thuringienesis israelensis fans feed-throughs- manure ctl of larvae methoprene- growth reg. diflunemzuron and cryomazine steroids- pred if secondary folliculitus, antibiotics |
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atopic dermatitis cause signs |
IgE response- parasites, ML vaccines, pollutants, mites young TBs and Arabians transepidermal water loss pruritus and urticaria ventrum and legs pigmentation change rub, stomp, tail flick (rare head shaking) |
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equine atopic dermatitis dx what would a positive IDT? will this work for food allergy? |
intradermal testing the patient has Abs- doesn't prove clinical allergy NO |
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equine atopic dermatitis tx |
none curative avoid allergens, ectoparasite ctl, baths secondary infect tx pred, antihist, pentoxifylline ASIT if > 4-6 mo unsuccessful tx |
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equine food hyperSe signs |
often younger horses pruritus/utricaria face, neck, tail, rump |
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equine food hyperSe dx |
challenge test diet trial- relapse 12h-7d NOT IDT/ELISA!!! |
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Eq dermatophytosis- signs |
trichophyton equirum face, neck, girth easily epilated hair non-pruritic |
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Eq dermatophytosis dx |
Wood's lamp fungal culture Histo- spores and hyphae |
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Eq dermatophytosis tx |
eniconazole sun and nutrition if bad- systemic keta/itraconazole grisofulvin- not prego though |
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non-infected pus/skin under crusts
painful transmitted by flies and ticks which equine dz? |
Dermatophitosis (rain rot) dermatophilus congolensis |
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Dermatophitosis dx tx |
orgs, alt bands of para/ortho keratic keratin dry out and prevent re-infection |
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muzzle and lip, genitals (imunosuppressed), bilat ears/thighs- headshaking (>2 yrs) many 1mm papules equine dz? |
papillomatosis (virus) |
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Eq papillomatosis transmission |
needs damaged skin-> direct contact/fomites lack of humoral immunity prevents new infect |
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Eq papillomatosis tx |
genital: vaccine- only for prevention ear: aldera |
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summer sores- cause |
habronemiasis
H. muscae, maius, drochia megato muscid fly transmitted larvae dies in an existing wound or on mucus membranes |
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summer sores- signs dx tx |
seasonal face/penile wound impression smears Ivermectin |
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oncocerciasis (nuchal ligament worm)- signs tx? |
type 1 and 3 HyperSe dead microfillaria pruritus sx- pull out slowly! ivermectin, moxidectin, fenbendazole |
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limb, abd, neck, lips, nose single lesion sticky/stringy d/c horse dx? |
pythiosis pythium insidiosum (aquatic fungi) |
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pythiosis tx |
sx and potassium iodide |
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central america weak, depr., fever large cysts equine dz? |
besnoitoisis |
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PF horses- histo? tx? prognosis? |
subcornual pustules, acantholytic cells immunosuppressives, less sun better in juveniles |
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equine sarcoids (benign SC) breeds |
Apps, QH, Arabs |
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equine sarcoids forms? |
occult- round alopecia, hyperkaratotic face varrucose- wart-like alopecic, scaly face, body , sheath noduar- firm, moveable, up to 100s eye, sheath, groin fibroblastic- pedunculated, fleshy/ulcerated sheath, lower leg, groin, eyelid malignant- mets rare |
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equine sarcoids tx |
5-Flouracil |
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HERDA |
genetic- autosomal reccive- QHs loose, wrinkly skin |
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DAWGS superficial necrolytic dermatis- pathophys |
end stage liver dz hypoaminoacidemia (in all idiopath hepatocell collapse) huge drop in amino acids |
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BCAA: AAA indicator of? |
hepatic insufficiency ( increased=bad) |
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causes of liver dz |
cirrosis drug induced idiopath hepatocell collapse |
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condns causing low AA (usually via liver dz) |
pancreatic adenocarc diabetes thymic amyloidosis (Fe) |
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hyoerkeratosis and fissuring of nose and elbow/ pads callouses can have lack of systemic signs secondary infects- staph, pseudo, malass, name that dz? |
superficial necrolytic dermatis |
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idiopathic hepatocell collapse- signs |
liver enzymes normal hypoalbuinemia hyperglycemia small liver, swiss cheese pattern |
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idiopathic hepatocell collapse- dx |
serum AAs- low direct inmpression- secondary infects red- parakeratosis white- edema blue- hyperplasia |
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general tx: staph cocci/rods yeast |
ceph/cipro/marbo chlorhex, benzoyl peroxides chlohex/miconazole |
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superficial necrolytic dermatistx |
S-adenosylmethionine (denamerin)) uradiol (choleretic), marin (hepatoprotectant) high protein FAs Zn AAs- won't improve feet lesions though |
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superficial necrolytic dermatis prognosis |
guarded-> grave |
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pastern dermatitis- 3 types |
dry (scratches)- alopecia, erythema, scales/crust moist (greasy)- "" + purulent dx chronic- granulation tissue |
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immune form pastern dermatitis- cause? tx? |
phototoxicity-> vasculitis white lower limb and muzzle photodermatitis- sun overdose photoSe- St. John's wort photocontact steroids |
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primary vs. secondary phototoxicity? |
primary- contact secondary- liver damage to prevent excretion of phylloerythrin-> toxic w/ UV light |
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feline paraneoplastic alopecia- signs tx? |
old cat pancreatic carcinoma- systemically sick ventrum/legs/periorb/footpads erythema/scaling moist/shiny partial pancreatectomy |
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thymoma associated exfoliative dermatitis cause? tx? |
mid-old cats autoreactive T-cells in skin erythema, exfoliation, alopecia sx excision |
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symmetrical lupoid onchodystrophy |
GSDs nail sloughing mascerated tissue culture underlying dz- vit E, tet/niacinamide |
