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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Antibiotics
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Bacitracin
Clindamycin Erythromycin Gentamicin Gramicidin Metronidazole Mupirocin Neomycin Sodium Sulfacetamide |
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Antifungals
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Antifungal Allylamines
Antifungal Azoles Benzoic acid/Salicylic acid Ciclopirox Griseofulvin Antifungal Polyenes Tolnaftate Undecylenic acid |
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Antivirals
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Acyclovir
Docosanol Penciclovir |
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Imunomodulators
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Imiquimod
Pimecrolimus Tacrolimus |
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Pigmentation Disorder Agents
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Hydroquinone
Mequinol Methoxsalen Monobenzone Trioxsalen |
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Other Acne drugs
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Adapalene
Azelaic Acid Benzoyl Peroxide Isotretinoin Tazarotene Tretinoin |
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Other Psoriasis Drugs
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Acitretin
Adalimumab Alefacept Calcipotriene Efalizumab Etanercept Infliximab Methotrexate Tazarotene |
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Keratolytics
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Aminolevulinic Acid
Fluorouracil Methylaminolevulinate Podophyllum Resin Propylene Glycol Salicylic Acid Urea |
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Antineoplastics
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Alitretinoin
Bexarotene Bleomycin Carmustine Cyclophosphamide Denileukin Diftitox Doxorubicin Mechlorethamine Vinblastine Vorinostat |
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Miscellaneous Agents
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Capsaicin
Dapsone Glucocorticods Tar Components Thalidomide |
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Bacitracin
Gramicidin BACTERICIDAL |
Bac - inhibits bacterial cell wall formation by interfering w/ dephosphoryltion of lipid carrier bactoprenol -> transfers peptidoglycan subunits to growing cell wall
Gram - stationary ion channels through plasma membrane of susceptible bacteria |
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Mupirocin
BACTERICIDAL |
MOA - inhibition of isoleucyl tRNA synthetase
Uses - minor skin infs, S. aureus from nasal carriage CI - large infected areas |
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Neomycin
Gentamicin BACTERICIDAL |
MOA - inhibition of bacterial translocation - specific 30-subunit
Uses - infected surfaces CI - widespread topical use to avoid resistant orgs |
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Clindamycin
BACTERIOSTATIC |
MOA - inhibits bacterial translation by binding 50s-subunit
Uses - mild-moderate inflam acne AE - bloody diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis, drying and irritation of skin, burning, and stinging sensation, allergic dermatitis |
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Erythromycin
BACTERICIDAL OR BACTERIOSTATIC |
MOA - inhibits bacterial translation by binding 50s-subunit
Uses - mild-moderate inflam acne AE - local rxns, hypersensitivity |
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Metronidazole
BACTERICIDAL |
MOA - loss of helical DNA structure and strand breakage in susceptible orgs --> loss of protein syn and cell death; direct effect on neutrophil cellular fxns
Uses - rosacea AE - local rxns CI - pregnancy and nursing mothers, app near eyes |
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Sodium Sulfacetamide
BACTERIOSTATIC |
MOA - competitive inhibition of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) utilization
Uses - seborrheic dermatitis, bacterial skin inf, acne vulgaris, acne rosacea AE - local rxns CI - hypersensitive to sulfonamides, sulfur |
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Acyclovir
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MOA - inh viral DNA syn thru competition w/ DNA pol, requires phosphorylation
Uses - HSV, VZV, prophylaxis AE - N/D, HA, renal or neuro tox CI - concomittant use w/ nephrotoxic agents, probenicid and cimetidine, zidovudine |
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Docosanol
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MOA - inhibits fusion of viral envelope w/ host cells
Uses - HSV labialis CI - Children < 12 yo |
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Penciclovir
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MOA - competitively inhibits viral DNA pol
Uses - recurrent genital HSV AE - HA, N/D |
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Imiquimod
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MOA - TLR 7 agonist - stims peripheral mononuclear cells to release interferon alpha, macrophages
Uses - external, perianal warts, actinic keratoses, molluscum contagiosum, bx-proven primary basal cell carcinoma AE - local skin rxns, pigmentary skin changes, fatigue, influenza-like syndrome |
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Tacrolimus
Pimecrolimus |
MOA - in complex w/ FK506-binding protein 12 -> binds to calcineurin-dependent proteins to inhibit calcineurin phosphatase activity
Uses - atopic dermatitis AE - burning sensation, BLACK BOX CI - don't use w/ occlusive dressings |
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Hydroquinone
Monobenzone Mequinol |
MOA - inhibition of tyrosinase
Uses - reduce pigmentation AE - hypopigmentation, local irritation, allergic sensitization |
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Trioxsalen
Methoxsalen |
MOA - must by photoactivated, oxygen-independent of psoralens to pyrimidine bases OR oxygen-dependent energy transfer --> ROS
Uses - PUVA - Meth - psoriasis, repig in vitiligo - Triox - repig in vitiligo Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) - tx of cutneous Tcell lymphoma and other Tcell dz AE - phototoxic rxns |
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Adapalene
Trentinoin Isotretinoin Tazarotene Acritretin Alitretinoin Bexarotene |
Adapalene - acne vulgaris
Tretinoin - acne vulgaris Isotretinoin - nodulocystic acne vulgaris Tazarotene - acne vulgaris and psoriasis Acitretin - psoriasis Alitretinoin - Kaposi’s sarcoma Bexarotene - cutaneous T-cell lymphoma MOA: - Retinoids bind and activate two different families of receptors - Retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR) CI - Pregnancy or the possibility of pregnancy, no blood donating isotretinoin - CI - psych state |
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Benzoyl Peroxide
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MOA - releases ROS --> oxidizes bacterial proteins in sebaceous follicles
Uses - acne vulgaris AE - contact sensitization, irritation, bleaching CI - avoid apps in eyes and mucous membranes |
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Azelaic Acid
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MOA - antimicrobial agains P. acnes, inhibition of test --> DHT
Uses - acne vulgaris, acne rosacea AE - mild irritation, erythema, dryness |
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Alafacept
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MOA - binds to CD2, preventing its interaction w/ LFA-3 and APC
Uses - mod-severe chronic plaque psoriasis AE - inc risk of malignancy, lymphopenia CI - CD4+ Tcell counts monitored, pts w/ clinically significant infs, pts w/ hx of systemic malignancy |
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Efalizumab
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MOA - binds to CD11a subunit of LFA-1, preventing interaction w/ ICAM-1 on APC
Uses - psoriasis AE - thrombocytopenia, peripheral leukocytosis, exacerbation, rebound, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy CI - MONITOR PLATELETS |
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Calcipotriene
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MOA - agonist at Cit D receptor
Uses - psoriasis AE - hypercalcemia/hypercalciuria, local rxns CI - facial contact |
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Adalimumab
Etanercept Inflixamab |
Plaque psoriasis
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Methotrexate
Azathioprine |
Psoriasis
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Cyclosporine
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Psoriasis
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Mycophenolate mofetil
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Psoriasis, auto-immune blistering disorders, atopic dermatitis, pyoderma gangrenosum
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Glucocorticoids
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Inflammatory dermatoses
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Coal Tar
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Uses - psoriasis, dermatitis, lichen simplex chronicus
AE - irritant foliculitis, phototoxicity CI - avoid use in cases of acute dermatitis w/ vesiculation and oozing |
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Salicylic Acid
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MOA - may solubilize cell surface proteins --> stratum corneum intact --> desquamation of keratotic debris
Uses - extensively used in derm therapy as keratolytic agent; DICLOFENAC - actinic keratoses AE - topical app --> salicylism and death (CHILDREN); uritcarial, anaphylactic, erythema multiforme CI - use on extremities of diabetic pts and PVD pts |
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Propylene Glycol
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Uses - removal of hyperkeratotic debris; inc water content of stratum corneum
AE - allergic dermatitis, irritant |
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Urea
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MOA - causes alterations in prekaratin and keratin --> inc solubilization, may also break H-bonds to keep stratum corneum intact
Uses - softening and moisturizing effect on stratum corneum, inc water content of stratum corneum - also tx - ichthyosis vulgaris, hyperkeratosis of palms and soles, xerosis, keratosis, pilaris |
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Podophyllum Resin
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MOA - fxns as cytotoxic agent w/ specific affinity for microtubules of mitotic spindle - arrest of epidermal mitoses
Uses - condyloma acuminatum AE - local irritant, conjunctivitis CI - PREG |
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Fluorouracil
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MOA - inhibition of thymidylate synthase
Uses - multiple actinic keratoses AE - local effects CI - excessive exposure to sunlight |
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Photodynamic therapy
--> Aminolevulinic Acid, Methylaminolevulinate |
MOA - upon exposure to appropriate wavelengths of light and oxygen, active molecule produces singlet oxygen
Uses - precancerous actinic keratoses, acne, photorejuvenation, therapy of thin, nonmelanoma skin cancers AE - stinging, burning CI - complete avoidance of sunlight or bright indoor lights for at least 40 hrs after ALA application |
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Vorinostat
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MOA - inhibition of histone deacetylase enzymes
Uses - progressive, persistent, or recurrent cutaneous T-Cell lymphoma AE - PE, DVT, thrombocytopenia, anemia, GI disorders, alopecia, fatigue CI - Category D |
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Cyclophosphamide
Mechlorethamine Carmustine |
Uses - cutaneous T-Cell lymphoma
Cyclophosphamide - LOTS OF USES |
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Denileukin Diftitox
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MOA - binds to IL-2R on activated T cells, internalized by endocytosis; initiates apoptosis (diptheria toxin)
Uses - advanced cutaneous T cell lymphoma in pts w/ >20% of T cells expressing CD25 AE - pain, fever, chills, N/V/D |
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Vinblastine
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Uses - Kaposi sarcoma, cutaneous T cell lymphoma
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Bleomycin
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Uses - recalcitrant warts and Kaposi sarcoma
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Doxorubicin
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Uses - advanced Kaposi sarcoma
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Dapsone
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MOA - antimycobacterial - competitive antagonist of PABA and folic acid syn; as NSAID - prevents respiratory burst from myeloperoxidase, blocks neutrophil nigration/Ab adherence, dec eicosanoid release
Uses - leprosy and dermtitis herpetiformis, acne vulgaris, auto-immune skin dz AE - methemoglobinemia, hemolysis, agranulocytosis, peripheral neuropathy, psychosis CI - G6PD DEF! |
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Thalidomide
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MOA - immunomodulatory and antiangiogenic actions
Uses - newly dx'd multiple myeloma, maintenance of cutaneous manifestations of erythema nodosum leprosum AE - edema, thromboembolism, hypoTN, fatigue, sensory/motor neuropathy, hypocalcemia, constipation, leukopenia, neutropenia CI - Pregnancy ONLY APPROVED FOR SPECIAL PROGRAM STEPS |
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Capsaicin
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MOA - stimulates and desensitizes vanilloid receptor, --> local depletion of substance P
Uses - postherpetic neuralgia, painful diabetic neuropathy AE - erythema, HTN, pruritus, N/V, papules, edema, dryness, swelling CI - CV or cerebrovascular dz |
