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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which of the following diuretics inhibits sodium reabsorption in the thick asending limb of the loop of Henle?
A amiloride B. Furosemide C. Hydrochlorothiazide D. Spironolactone E Triamterene |
B - Furosemide
affects the ascending loop of Henle |
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What are the Loop Diuretics
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Furosemide
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How and where does Furosemide work
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Works at the ascending loop of Henle and works by inhibiting Na , K and -2 Cl Symporter
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The Effect of Furosemide on Calcium
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Increases Urinary Calcium excretion resulting in an over all loss of calcium from body
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Best drug to use if you have ALLERGIC reactions to other Diuretics
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Ethacrynic Acid
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Thiazide Diuretics
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Hydrochlorothiazide
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How and Where does HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE work?
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Blocks Na reabsorption in distal convoluted tubele by inhibiting NaCl Symporter
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What is HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDES effects on Calcium and Potassium?
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Reduces Urinary Calcium Excretion and Leads to HypoKalemia and Metabolic alkalosis
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Name Potassium Sparing Diuretics?
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SPIRONOLACTONE
and AMILORIDE |
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what Class of drug is SPIRONOLACTONE?
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Aldosterone Receptor Antagonist (K-sparing diuretic)
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How and Where does SPIRONOLACTONE work?
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Binds to cytoplasmic aldosterone receptor preventing binding of aldosterone.
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What is Spirolactones effect on Na+ and K+?
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Decreases Na reabsorption and decreases K secretion in Late distal tubules and collection ducts
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How is SPIRONOLACTONE administred?
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Oral only
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What antihypertensive drungs are have a principal CNS Effect?
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Clonidine
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How does Clonidine work
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Stimulates the Alpha-2 Receptors in CNS leading to a decrease in CNS outflow.
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What are some adverse effects of Clonidine
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Sedation
Dry Mouth |
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What hypertensive drug is a Alpha 1 Blocker
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Prazosin
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How does Prazosin work
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Dilates Atrerioles and Veins
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First does Phenomenon of orthostatic hypotension syncope is found in which drug
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Prazosin
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Beta Blockers for Hypertension
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Propranolol
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What effects does PROPRANOLOL have on HR, Myocardial Contractility,
Cardic Output and Renin release |
Decreased - HR
Decreased - Contractility Decreased - Cardic Output Decreased - Renin release |
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Name Alpha plus Beta Blockers for Hypertension
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Carvediolol
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How does Carvedilol work
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it have both alpha and beta blocking properties, Alpha1 selective and Beta non-selective
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How does Minoxidil work
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opens Potassium channels in arteriolar smooth muscle leading to relaxation
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Name the ACE inhibitor
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Enalapril
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How does Enalapril work
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inhibits angiotension 1 leading to a decrease in angiotension 2
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Adverse effects of Enalapril
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Hypotension
Caugh in 5-20% angioedema |
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what is the fastest version of Nitrates
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sublingual Nitroglycerin
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how does Nitroglycerin work
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Causes the release on NITRIC OXIDE which stimulate cyclic GMP production leading to relaxation
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What are the hemodynamic effects on Beta-Blockers
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Decrease myocardial O2 demand by have a decrease in HR, BP and Contractility
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Name the Calcium Channel Blockers
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Verapamil
Diltiazem |
