Dental Hygmedical Emergencies, D1

Front 1

50% of emergencies in office are what?

Back 1

syncope

Front 2

occur mostlikely after the administration of local anesthetics and during tooth extractions or endodontic treatment

Back 2

when emergencies are most likely to occur

Front 3

why are 1/3 of all office emergencies life threatening?

Back 3

aging population
pharmaceuticals,
surgery,
more complex dental procedures

Front 4

what should DH's always do?

Back 4

take vital signs and a thorough medical history

Front 5

what are the vital componets in the prevention & management of medical emergencies?

Back 5

temp
bp
pulse
respiration

Front 6

dental staff are well prepared whe they have what on hand?

Back 6

an AED
oxygen tank
cpr trained pros
medical emergency kit
and drills!

Front 7

emergency oxygen is used when?

Back 7

in the event of a heart attack, blocked or closed airway

Front 8

when administering oxygen what position should the patient be in?

Back 8

supine

Front 9

what is the rate at which to use when administering oxygen?

Back 9

2-4 liters per minute

Front 10

a loss of conciousness bc of a decrease in blood flow to the brain

Back 10

syncope

Front 11

what causes syncope

Back 11

stress, physical , emotional, mental or both.
could be: fear of treatment, bad prognosis,

Front 12

patient is pale and covered in cold sweat, may complain of being hot, dizzy, nauseated
decrease in bp, increase in pulse

Back 12

1st stage of syncope

Front 13

stage of syncope of the actual loss of conciouness, death like appearance, shallow and gasping breathing
slow pusle and very low bp

Back 13

second stage of syncope

Front 14

what position do you place the patient in when they syncope?

Back 14

tendelenberg ( feet higher than head, supine

Front 15

how do you make one who has syncoped come to?

Back 15

use an ammonia tablet

Front 16

an affliction of the respiratory tract that can affect all aspects of the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles

Back 16

ashthma

Front 17

difficulty in respiration with a slightly elevated respiration rate
coughing and wheezing

Back 17

mild asthma

Front 18

increases in respiratory distress
speak in phrases
skin is pale

Back 18

moderate asthma

Front 19

marked wheezing or coughing with poor skin color, awareness decreases as attack prgresses

Back 19

severe asthma

Front 20

how do you position the patient when he or she is having an asthma attack? do you administer oxygen when one is having an ashtma attack?

Back 20

upright, yes

Front 21

condition in whcih the patient brethes faster and or deeper than the metabolic needs of the body, eliminating carbon dioxide in the arterial blood system

Back 21

hyperventilation

Front 22

what causes hyperventilation?

Back 22

stress, emotional upset, and anxiety

Front 23

what position do you put a patient in when they are hyperventilating? and do you administer oxygen?

Back 23

upright, NO, have them breathe into a paper bag

Front 24

brain disorder involving recurrent seizures

Back 24

epilepsy

Front 25

most common seizure

Back 25

grand mal

Front 26

the first stage of a grand mal seizure characterized by a personality change or an "aura"

Back 26

prodromal stage

Front 27

can consist of a certain smell, flash of light, or noise, prior to convulsive stage

Back 27

aura

Front 28

occurs after the aura phase, person loses conciousness and may fall

Back 28

pre-ictal phase

Front 29

phase in which convulsions occur

Back 29

ictal phase

Front 30

patient regains conciousness in this stage

Back 30

the postical phase

Front 31

patient loses awareness for a short period of time, may have blank stare, twitch , or blink rapidly

Back 31

petit mal seizures

Front 32

what are petit mal seizures mostly diagnosed in?

Back 32

children

Front 33

how do you treat seizures?

Back 33

remove all items from mouth, keep them from hurting themselves, loosen tight clothing, remove glasses

Front 34

what causes type 2 diabetes?

Back 34

obesity, high fat, low fiber diets, and sedentary lifestyle

Front 35

a disease that develops when the pancreas stops producing insulin; insulin must be injected daily

Back 35

type 1 diabetes

Front 36

a chronic disease that occurs when the pancresas cannot produce enough insulin, no injections needed

Back 36

type 2 diabetes

Front 37

insufficeint insulin levels in the blood, fruity odor of breath, drowsiness to coma

Back 37

diabetes ketoacidosis

Front 38

how do you treat diabetes ketoacidosis?

Back 38

lower blood glucose levels by giving some form of glucose

Front 39

occurs where too much glucose in blood, is usually seen when there is a deficiency or complete lack of insulin, inc in thrist, urination, loss of apetite, nausea, ab pains

Back 39

hyperglycemia

Front 40

what is hypogycemia aka?

Back 40

insulin shock

Front 41

occurs due to too little glucose in the body, blood glucose levels are below 40-50 mg, personality change occurs here, cold sweat as well

Back 41

hypogycemia

Front 42

how do you treat hypoglycemia in a concious and unconscious patient?

Back 42

con: administer 20 g of glucose ( table sugar, soda, honey, candy)
uncon: administer injectible glucagon

Front 43

what is common in diabetics?

Back 43

periodontal disease, and lack of qucik healing,

Front 44

hypersensitive reaction to an ordinarily harmless substance

Back 44

allergy

Front 45

what must you have when a person goes into anaphylactic shock?

Back 45

EPINEPHRINE

Front 46

what must you have when a person goes into anaphylactic shock?

Back 46

epinephrine!

Front 47

what are symptoms of anaphylaxis?

Back 47

hypertension,blocked airway, and hives

Front 48

latex allergies occur most commonly when?

Back 48

history of surgery, allergy to bananas, avocados, kiwi, and chestnuts, repeated urinary catheters

Front 49

episodes of pain where heart experiences oxygen deficiency

Back 49

angina pectoris

Front 50

what must a patient have in they have angina?

Back 50

NITROGYCERIN

Front 51

a signifigant narrowing or block of the coronary arteries, occurs when a portion of the myocardium dies as a result of a lack of oxygen

Back 51

myocardial infarction, heart attack,

Front 52

is a neurologic deficit that last for a short period of time , not a stroke, but a precursor to one, numbernessof extremities, tingling,

Back 52

transiet ischemic attack

Front 53

what must patient hav eif they have angina?

Back 53

NITROGYCERIN

Front 54

occurs as a result of a wandering clot that may become lodged in a cerebral artery and thus reduce or cut off the blood supply ot the area of the brain beyond the clot

Back 54

cerebral embolism

Front 55

an artery ruptures and fills the cranium with blood, resulting with an INCREASE IN pressure in the brain

Back 55

cerebral hemmorhage

Front 56

a rupture blood vessle that usually occurs when a patient is awake and active complains of a headache nausea vomitting sweat chills dizziness

Back 56

aneurysm

Front 57

a clot that forms within the artery occurs most commonly during sleep and the patient wakes up with the signs of a stroke

Back 57

cerebral thrombosis

Front 58

patient may experience a potentially life threatening condition call myxedema coma

Back 58

low thryroid hormone

Front 59

patient may experience a throid storm , have a high fever of 108

Back 59

high thyroid hormone