Dental Hygiene Board Review

Front 1

Bones of the Cranium (Skull)

Back 1

Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Temporal

Front 2

Temporal Bone Includes...

Back 2

mastoid process
styloid process
articular fossa and eminence
stylomastoid foramen (CN VII-Facial)

Front 3

Bones of the Face...

Back 3

Mandible
Maxilla
Vomer
Nasal
Lacrimal (most medial of orbit)
Zygomatic
Inferior Nasal conchae
Palatine

Front 4

Hyoid bone

Back 4

nonarticulated (floating), horseshoe shaped bone in the midline, inferior to the mandible

Front 5

Mandible: Alveolar Process

Back 5

provides support for the teeth

Front 6

Mandible: Condyle

Back 6

allows jaw to rotate

Front 7

Mandible: coronoid process

Back 7

muscle attachment for temporalis

Front 8

Mental foramen

Back 8

Mental nerve

Front 9

mandibular foramen

Back 9

inferior alveolar nerve

Front 10

genial tubercles

Back 10

attachment of genioglossus muscle

Front 11

CN V1
Trigeminal Nerve (V)
Ophtalmic Division (I)

Back 11

SENSORY
Frontal
Lacrimal(lateral eye and lacrimal gland)
Nasocilliary (nasal cavity, medial/inferior corner of eye)

Front 12

CN V2
Trigeminal Nerve (V)
Maxillary Division (2)

Back 12

SENSORY
Leaves the skull through the foramen rotundum, upper teeth, oral and nasal cavity, skin of cheek and temporal region

Front 13

CN V3
Trigeminal Nerve (V)
Mandibular Division (3)

Back 13

SENSORY & MOTOR
foramen ovale
Anterior division (motor for muscles of mastication)
Posterior division

Front 14

Maxillary Anesthesia:
All nerves are branches of...

Back 14

... the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (V2)

Front 15

Max. Anesthesia:
Nerves to Teeth
*The maxillary buccal gingiva is supplied by the same nerve that supplies the teeth in that area.

Back 15

Superior alveolar nerves:
Posterior
Middle
Anterior

Front 16

Max. Anesthesia:
Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve

Back 16

1-3rd molars
exception: mesiobuccal surface of 1st molar

Front 17

Max. Anesthesia:
Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve

Back 17

Premolars
Mesiobuccal of 1st molar

Front 18

Max. Anesthesia:
Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve

Back 18

Incisor and cuspids

Front 19

Max. Anesthesia:
Palatine nerves: Nerves to palatal gingiva

Back 19

Greater Palatine Nerve: Gingiva in the posterior

Nasopalatine Nerve: Gingiva in the anterior

Front 20

Mandibular Anesthesia:
All nerves are branches of...

Back 20

the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V3).

Front 21

Instrumentation:
Shank

Back 21

connects the working end with the handle

Front 22

Functional shank

Back 22

part of shank that allows the working end to be adapted to the tooth surface, begins below the the working end and extends to the last bend in the shank (nearest to handle)

Front 23

Lower Terminal Shank

Back 23

bent portion, of functional shank (nearest to the working end)

Front 24

Working-end

Back 24

part of the instrument that contacts the tooth or soft tissue, begins where the shank ends

Front 25

T or F
Nitrous oxide is used as a single agent to produce general anesthesia

Back 25

FALSE:
NO2 must reach concentrations of 80% to produce anesthetic effects, at which point the lack of oxygen would cause hypoxia.

Front 26

Nitrous oxide contraindications!

Back 26

Patients with upper respiratory infections, emphysema, bronchitis, first trimester pregnancy -- patients who can't communicate properly ----NEVER use on patients with contagious diseases, since is difficult to sterilize the lines.

Front 27

Gracey 1/2

Back 27

All anterior surfaces

Front 28

Gracey 7/8

Back 28

Direct Facial and Lingual of posterior teeth

Front 29

Gracey 11/12

Back 29

Mesial surface of posterior teeth

Front 30

Gracey 13/14

Back 30

Distal surface of posterior teeth

Front 31

Gracey 15/16

Back 31

Mesial surface of posterior teeth

Front 32

Gracey 17/18

Back 32

Distal surface of posterior teeth

Front 33

Universal curettes

Back 33

Have 2 cutting edges per working end.
One working end used for both mesial and distal of same posterior tooth.
Face of blade is 90 degrees to terminal shank.

Front 34

Area-specific (Gracey)

Back 34

One cutting edge per working end.
Face of blade is offset at 60 to 70 degrees to terminal shank.
Designed as finishing curet, smooth root surface during root planing.

Front 35

Materials to use on implants

Back 35

Plastic resin
Graphite
Gold-Tipped
Ultrasonic scaler with plastic tip

Front 36

Piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler

Back 36

linear motion, only corners of tip are active, more cycles per second.

Front 37

Magnetostrictive Ultrasonic Scaler

Back 37

elliptical motion of tip, 360 degrees of tip active

Front 38

Air Polisher

Back 38

safe for implants, do not use on exposed cementum.

Front 39

Sodium fluoride gels (2% NaF)

Back 39

Use with tooth-colored restorations.
Application with trays most effective for rampant caries
4 min application
do not eat/drink/smoke for 30 mins after application.
RECOMMENDED FOR BULIMIA

Front 40

Sodium Fluoride Varnish (5% NaF)

Back 40

desensitizes exposed roots, caries prevention, 0.3-0.5mL application
retained for 24-48 hours

Front 41

Stannous Fluoride

Back 41

unstable solution, unpleasant taste, staining of teeth in demineralized areas.
Possible: gingival sloughing and discoloration of composite restorations.

Front 42

Acidualted Phosphate fluoride (1.23% APF)

Back 42

Contraindicated in the presence of tooth colored restorations, provides high concentration of fluoride (2.5 mL adults, 2.0 children)

Front 43

Acute fluoride toxicity

Back 43

symptoms begin within 30 mins, up to 24 hours
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
Abdominal pain, increased salivation and thirst

Front 44

Systemic symptoms of Acute fluoride toxicity

Back 44

symptoms of hypocalcemia, hyperreflexia, convulsions, parasthesia, cardiac failure, respiratory paralysis

Front 45

Tx for Acute Fluoride Toxicity:
less than 5mg/kg

Back 45

administer fluoride binding agent

Front 46

Tx for Acute Fluoride Toxicity:
more than 5mg/kg (toxic dose)

Back 46

1. induce vomiting
2. administer fluoride-binding agent
3. seek medical treatment

Front 47

Tx for Acute Fluoride Toxicity:
more than 15 mg/kg (lethal dose)

Back 47

1. Seek medical treatment
2. induce vomiting
3. cardiac monitoring

Front 48

Pulp vitality test

Back 48

involves a conducting agent and an electrical current.
Avoid contact with soft tissue or metallic restorations.

Front 49

Independent variable

Back 49

intervention, variable is manipulated to produce a response

Front 50

Dependent variable

Back 50

outcome of interest, should change in response to intervention
depends on intervention

Front 51

cathode

Back 51

negative charge,
filament (tungsten wire) + focusing cup

Front 52

Anode

Back 52

positive charge,
Tungsten target, and copper stem

Front 53

Collimation

Back 53

restricts size and shape of the beam

Front 54

Filtration

Back 54

removes x-rays from the beam, low energy rays are filtered (weak ones that will not penetrate)