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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Birth rate or death rate that does not change with population density
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Density Independent
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Death rate that rises and birth rate that falls as population density rises
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Density Dependent
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Complex interactions between biotic and abiotic factors that cause variation in the size of populations
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Population Dynamics
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Linked local populations
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Metapopulation
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A shift from rapid population growth in which birth rate outpaces death rate to zero population growth characterized by low birth and death rates
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Demographic Transition
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Relative number of individuals of each age in the population
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Age Structure
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Summarizes the aggregate land and water area required by each person, city, or nation to produce all the resources it consumes and to absorb all the waste it generates
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Ecological Footprint
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Group of populations of different species living close enough to interact
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Community
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Relationship between individuals of two or more species in a community. Includes competition, predation, herbivory, and symbiosis (including paratism, mutualism, and commensalism)
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Interspecific Interaction
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-/- interaction that occurs when individuals of different species compete for a resource that limits their growth and survival
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Interspecific Competition
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Slight reproductive advantage will lead to local elimination of inferior competitor
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Competitive Exclusion
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Differentiation of niches that enables similar species to coexist in a community
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Resource Partitioning
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Sum of a species' use of the biotic and abiotic resources in its environment
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Ecological Niche
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Tendency for characteristics to diverge more in sympatric populations of two species than in allopatric populations of the same two species
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Character Displacement
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Sympatric
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Geographically overlapping
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Allopatric
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Geographically seperate
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+/- interaction between species in which the predator kills and eats the prey
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Predation
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Camouflage
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Cryptic coloration
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Warning Coloration
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Aposematic coloration
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Palatable (harmless) species mimics and unpalatable model
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Batesian mimicry
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Two or more unpalatable species resemble eachother
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Mullerian mimicry
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+/- interaction in which an organism eats parts of a plant or alga
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Herbivory
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Relationship when individuals of two or more species live in direct and intimate contact with one another
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Symbiosis
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+/- symbiotic interaction in which the parasite gets its nourishment from its host
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Paratism
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Parasites that feed on the external surface
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Ectoparasites
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Parasites that live within the body of their host
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Endoparasites
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+/+ interspecific interactions that benefits both species
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Mutualism
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+/0 interaction between species that benefits one of the species but neither harms not helps the other
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Commensalism
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Variety of different kinds of organisms that make up the community
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Species Diversity
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Number of different species in the community
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Species richness
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Proportion each species represents of all individuals in the community
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Relative abundance
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