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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Tree
vs. Shrub |
Tree (typical): woody perennial, single stem, 20 ft or taller at maturity.
Shrub (typical): woody perennial, multiple stems, less than 20 ft at maturity. |
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Evergreen
vs. Deciduous |
Evergreen: leaf type that persists more than 1 year.
Deciduous: leaf type that falls from the tree within 1 year. |
|
Conifer
vs. Broadleaf |
Conifer (Gymnosperm): a limbless woody perennial whose seeds are borne inside cones rather than ovaries (fruiting bodies).
Broadleaf (Angiosperm): a limbed woody perennial whose seeds are borne inside ovaries (fruiting bodies) rather than cones. |
|
Softwood
vs. Hardwood |
Softwood: the term generally used to describe conifers, whose wood is typically softer than that of broadleafs.
Hardwood: the term generally used to describe broadleafs, whose wood is typically harder than that of conifers. |
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Gymnosperm
vs. Angiosperm |
Gymnosperm (Conifer): a woody perennial whose seeds are borne "naked" or without an ovary (fruiting body).
Angiosperm (Broadleaf): a woody perennial whose seeds are borne within an ovary (fruiting body). |
|
Genus
vs. Species |
Genus: taxonomic group of similar species that are in turn grouped into families.
Species: taxonomic group of individuals capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. |
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Petals
& Corolla |
Petals: the modified leaves of a flowering body that are often colored or scented to encourage reproduction through pollinators.
Corolla: the collection of petals on a flowering body. |
|
Sepals
& Calyx |
Sepals: the modified leaves on a flowering body (beneath the petals) that connect flower to pedicel.
Calyx: the collection of sepals on a flowering body. |
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Pistils
& Stamens |
Pistils: the female reproductive organ of a plant composed of a stigma, style, and ovary.
Stamens: the male reproductive organ of a plant composed of an anther and filament. |
|
Pistillate
vs. Staminate |
Pistillate: having pistils but not stamens.
Staminate: having stamens but not pistils. |
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Perfect
vs. Imperfect |
Perfect: term to describe a flower that possesses both male and female organs.
Imperfect: term to describe a flower that lacks either its male or female organs. |
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Complete
vs. Incomplete |
Complete: term to describe a flower that possesses sepals, petals, pistils, and stamens.
Incomplete: term to describe a flower that lacks any of its normal parts (sepals, petals, pistils, or stamens). |
|
Involucre
& Bracts |
Involucre: a whorl of bracts subtending a flower or inflorenscence.
Bract: a modified leaf found at the base of a flower or inflorescence. In cones, they separate seeds from cone scales. |
|
Inflorescence
(definition, examples, modifiers) |
Inflorescence: a collection of flowers sharing a common stalk.
Examples-- fox glove, grape, sunflower, lavender, etc. Modifiers-- head: a dense cluster of sessile or subsessile flowers ament (catkin): a long, thin inflorescence composed of sessile, unisexual flowers. raceme: an unbranched, elongated inflorescence containing flowers borne of stalks (i.e. fox glove) |
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Monoecious
vs. Dioecious |
Monoecious: a plant species whose individuals possess both male and female flowers. (Perfect)
Dioecious: a plant species whose individuals possess either male or female flowers. (Imperfect) |
|
What are the quickest ways to specify between
Fir, Spruce, and Pine? |
Fir: usually has flat needles, without sharp points
Spruce: sharp needles (usually square in cross-section) Pine: needle clusters with fascicles (2, 3, or 5) |