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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What percentage of dementia cases can medication be implicated in?
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30%
Drugs with anticholinergic effects are an important class. |
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What are the two structural classifications of dementia and their key symptoms?
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-Cortical-
Can’t recall Repeats questions Doesn’t ‘know’ things -Subcortical- Benefits from cues to remember Trouble planning/executing Slowed thinking |
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Trauma induced dementia is called...
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Dementia pugilistica
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The MMS exam cutoff score for significant cognitive impairment is....
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24
28-29 in highly educated |
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Describe the Folstein mini mental status exam.
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Date: orientation
Place: orientation Register three objects Serial sevens (or spell ‘world backwards’) Recall three objects Naming Repeating Verbal Commands Written Commands Writing Drawing |
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Describe the mini-cog exam.
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3 item recall
clock drawing test |
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Tests for dementia patients
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Electrolytes
Glucose BUN/creatinine LFT’s CBC TSH B12 RPR (Syphillis) CT Neuropsychological testing Lumbar Puncture (infection) MRI EEG (seizures) SPECT / PET HIV Heavy metal screen CXR ESR / ANA (sedimentation) UDS Lyme titer Apo E4 CSF 14-3-3 (CJD) C reactive protein (Lupus) Homocysteine (B12 def.) |
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The pharmacotherapy for Alheimers includes...
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-Cholinesterase inhibitors-
Donepezil Galantamine Rivastigmine Tacrine -NMDA antagonist- Memantine |
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What sort of behavioral problems are expected in frontotemporal dementia?
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Loss of personal awareness
Loss of social awareness Disinhibition of sexuality Aggression Hyperorality Perserveration |
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What sort of behavioral problems can be expected in Dementia with Lewy bodies?
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Memory problems (later than alzheimers)
Drowsiness Visual hallucinations Fluctuating cognitive symptoms Parkinson's-like features |
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Mortality rates from delirium are...
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25-33% within first three months
40-50% within 1 year |
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Causes of delirium are ....
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Infection
Withdrawal Acute metabolic Trauma CNS pathology Hypoxia Deficiencies Endocrinopathies Acute vascular Toxins/drugs Heavy metals I WATCH DEATH |
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The final common pathways to delirium are...
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Cholinergic deficiency and Dopaminergic excess
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Can seizures cause delirium?
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Yes
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What drug classes should be avoided in delirium?
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Benzodiazepines
Anticholinergics |
