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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
probation
to non punitive legal dispositions for delinquent youths, emphasizing treatment without incarceration
nature of probation
oAllows youth to remain in the community
oA contract between the court and the juvenile
oInstitutionalization is held in abeyance (temporarily set aside)
oThe juvenile promises to adhere to mandated conditions
oUsually ordered for an indefinite period
oProbation condition reviewed regularly
Almost 385,400 youths placed on probation in 2002
62%
probation conditions
oRestitution or reparation
oIntensive supervision
oCounseling
oParticipation in a therapeutic, education, or vocation program
Residential community treatment
oGroup homes
 Non secure residences that provide counseling, education
oFoster care programs
 Involve one or two juveniles who live with a family
oFamily group homes
 Combined elements of foster care and group homes
oRural programs
 Foresty camps, ranches, and farms that provide recreation and work activities
aftercare
Equivalent of parole in the adult criminal justice system
reentry
oInvolves aftercare services and includes preparation and prerelease planning (seen as a whole process of transition
o**both provide support during the readjustment period following release
individual treatment techniques
o Reality therapy
 Stresses that youth are responsible for their own behavior
o Behavioral modification
 Shaping behavior through rewards and punishments
o Individual counseling
 Most common
o Psychotherapy
 Requires extensive analysis of childhood experiences
guided group interaction
(GGI) positive peer culture, peer leaders encourage others to conform to positive behaviors
wilderness programs
oOutdoor activities used to improve social skills, self concept and self control
juvenile boot camps
o Combines get tough elements of adult programs with education
oResearch found these programs to be ineffective
Events leading to the development of the 1st juvenile justice court
oUrbanization
oChild saving movement
oEstablishment of institutions
affulent people became concerned about
dangerous class (poor, single, criminal, mentally ill, and unemployed
parens patriae
the duty of the state to act on behalf of the child and provide care and protection equivalent to a parent
Anthony Platt
argued that the child savers were galvanized by immigrants and poor to preserve their own way of life (preserve the rich peoples way of life)
Kent v. unites states (1966)
due process dealing with waiver and right to counsel
In re Gault (1967)
established due process constitutional rights
In re Winship (1970)
established “beyond a reasonable doubt” as the standard of proof in delinquency hearings
Mckeiver vs. Pennsylvania (1970)
established that a trial by jury is not a constitutional right
Breed vs. Jones (1970)
double jeopardy
Similarities between Adult system and juvenile system
Standard of proof, court processes, due process rights, probation services
differences between adult system and juvenile system
Punishment v. treatment, jury trail, language, organizational structure, age of offenders
delinquent act =
crime
delinquent child =
criminal
taken into custody =
arrested
petition =
indictment
adjudication =
trial
predisposition =
sentencing
commitment =
incarceration
comprehensive strategies
•Prevention (head Start, smart start) – starts at a young age
•Intervention (big brothers, job corps)
•Graduated Sanctions
•Deinstitutionalization (JJDPA 1974) – treatment works better when juveniles are treated when in their own communities
•Alternative Courts (drug courts/teen courts)