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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
probation
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to non punitive legal dispositions for delinquent youths, emphasizing treatment without incarceration
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nature of probation
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oAllows youth to remain in the community
oA contract between the court and the juvenile oInstitutionalization is held in abeyance (temporarily set aside) oThe juvenile promises to adhere to mandated conditions oUsually ordered for an indefinite period oProbation condition reviewed regularly |
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Almost 385,400 youths placed on probation in 2002
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62%
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probation conditions
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oRestitution or reparation
oIntensive supervision oCounseling oParticipation in a therapeutic, education, or vocation program |
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Residential community treatment
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oGroup homes
Non secure residences that provide counseling, education oFoster care programs Involve one or two juveniles who live with a family oFamily group homes Combined elements of foster care and group homes oRural programs Foresty camps, ranches, and farms that provide recreation and work activities |
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aftercare
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Equivalent of parole in the adult criminal justice system
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reentry
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oInvolves aftercare services and includes preparation and prerelease planning (seen as a whole process of transition
o**both provide support during the readjustment period following release |
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individual treatment techniques
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o Reality therapy
Stresses that youth are responsible for their own behavior o Behavioral modification Shaping behavior through rewards and punishments o Individual counseling Most common o Psychotherapy Requires extensive analysis of childhood experiences |
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guided group interaction
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(GGI) positive peer culture, peer leaders encourage others to conform to positive behaviors
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wilderness programs
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oOutdoor activities used to improve social skills, self concept and self control
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juvenile boot camps
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o Combines get tough elements of adult programs with education
oResearch found these programs to be ineffective |
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Events leading to the development of the 1st juvenile justice court
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oUrbanization
oChild saving movement oEstablishment of institutions |
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affulent people became concerned about
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dangerous class (poor, single, criminal, mentally ill, and unemployed
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parens patriae
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the duty of the state to act on behalf of the child and provide care and protection equivalent to a parent
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Anthony Platt
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argued that the child savers were galvanized by immigrants and poor to preserve their own way of life (preserve the rich peoples way of life)
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Kent v. unites states (1966)
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due process dealing with waiver and right to counsel
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In re Gault (1967)
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established due process constitutional rights
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In re Winship (1970)
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established “beyond a reasonable doubt” as the standard of proof in delinquency hearings
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Mckeiver vs. Pennsylvania (1970)
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established that a trial by jury is not a constitutional right
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Breed vs. Jones (1970)
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double jeopardy
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Similarities between Adult system and juvenile system
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Standard of proof, court processes, due process rights, probation services
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differences between adult system and juvenile system
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Punishment v. treatment, jury trail, language, organizational structure, age of offenders
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delinquent act =
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crime
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delinquent child =
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criminal
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taken into custody =
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arrested
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petition =
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indictment
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adjudication =
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trial
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predisposition =
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sentencing
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commitment =
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incarceration
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comprehensive strategies
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•Prevention (head Start, smart start) – starts at a young age
•Intervention (big brothers, job corps) •Graduated Sanctions •Deinstitutionalization (JJDPA 1974) – treatment works better when juveniles are treated when in their own communities •Alternative Courts (drug courts/teen courts) |