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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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how does type IV hypersensitivity differ from types I, II, and III?
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types I, II, II are Ab-mediated
type IV is mediated by sensitized T lymphocytes |
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name the 2 subcategories of delayed type hypersensitivity
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classical and cytotoxic T cell mediated
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characteristics of classical delayed type hypersensitivity
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CD4+ Th1 cell
does not destroy antigen directly; recruits macrophages to destroy antigen |
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characteristics of cytotoxic T cell mediated delayed type hypersensitivity
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CD8+ Th1 cell
cytotoxic T lymphocytes destroy antigen directly |
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what immunologic effector initiates delayed type hypersensitivity?
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IL-12
antigen interacts with TLR on dendritic cell; dendritic cell elaborates IL-12, which causes naive T cell to differentiate down the Th1 pathway |
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role of IL-2 in delayed type hypersensitivity
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clonal expansion of sensitized Th1 cells
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role of IL-12 in delayed type hypersensitivity
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differentiation of naive T cells to Th1 cells in DTH pathway
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role of IFN-alpha and TNF-beta in delayed type hypersensitivity
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act on endothelium to increase production of E- and P-selectin as well as ICAM and VCAM to direct lymphocyes and monocytes to roll to and adhere to the endothelium
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role of chemokines (CCL-2,3,4,5) in delayed type hypersensitivity
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create gradient so lymphocytes and monocytes move into the area
CCL-2 = MCF-1a = monocyte chemotactic factor |
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main role of IFN-gamma in delayed type hypersensitivity
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macrophage activation
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secondary roles of IFN-gamma in delayed type hypersensitivity
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increased MHC class II molecules
increased IL-12 increased chemokines & chemokine receptors increased co-stimulatory factors (CD40, CD80) |
increases production of 4 things
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3 reasons activated macrophages are more efficient killers than resting macrophages
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more effective in fusing lysosomes with phagosomes so lysosome contents can be delivered to phagosome
increased NO production to kill microbes increased production of antimicrobial peptides |
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what activates macrophages in delayed type hypersensitivity?
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IFN-gamma
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what causes differentiation of naive T cells down the Th1 path to delayed type hypersensitivity?
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IL-12
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what causes clonal expansion of sensitized T cells in delayed type hypersensitivity?
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IL-2 (+ antigen)
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what facilitates homing and adhesion of lymphocyes and monocytes to the endothelium in delayed type hypersensitivity?
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IFN-alpha and TNF-beta act on endothelium to produce E- and P-selectins; ICAM-1; VCAM-1
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what sets up a gradient so that lymphocytes and monocytes move into the area in delayed type hypersensitivity?
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chemokines CCL-2,3,4,5
CCL-2 = MCF-1a = monocyte chemotactic factor |
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